Prevalence and Disease Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease

Lv, Jicheng; Zhang, Luxia

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_1

Cited by 660 publications

(532 citation statements)

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“…The average values of Scr and cysC were 1.75 mg/dl and 1.74 mg/l, respectively. The primary cause of CKD was chronic glomerulonephritis (33.5%), followed by hypertensive nephropathy (30.2%) and diabetic nephropathy (15.2%), which was consistent with the world epidemiological survey of chronic kidney disease [25]. In the elderly group over 70 years old, the most common primary disease was hypertensive nephropathy (47.6%), followed by chronic nephritis (21.7%) and diabetic nephropathy (16.1%).…”

Section: Basic Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparisons of Five Equations Used for Estimating the Glomerular Filtrations Rate in Chinese Adults

Fu¹,

Yang²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background We aimed to assess the performance of revised MDRD, CKD-EPI, BIS, FAS and XiangYa equation in Chinese adults Methods We collected blood biochemical data of 623 chinese adult hospitalised patients within 48 hours before they underwent 99m Tc-DTPA GFR measurement. We computed the bias (mGFR-eGFR), the precision (IQR) ,the accuray (P30）and root mean square error (RMSE) relative to mGFR of each equation to evaluate performance. The ROC curves, Kappa value of McNemar test, Bland-Altman plot and the Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy and concordance. Results Totally, the FAS combined Scr and cysC equation performed supreme accuracy(P30=57.5%, RMSE=19.26), the cysC-based equation performed superior to Scr-based equation. Detailed P30 of the CKD-EPI cysC , FAS cysC , MDRD, CKD-EPI Scr-cysC , CKD-EPI Scr , FAS Scr , XiangYa was 56.7%, 56.0%, 53.5%, 52.2%, 48.8%, 51.4%, 43.0%. The CKD-EPI cysC equation showed the lowest bias and the highest accuracy(bias=-2.23, P30=57.4%) in GFR<60ml/min/1.73m 2 , followed by the FASscr-cysC equation(bias=-6.89, P30=55.4%). The XiangYa equation perfomed best in GFR≥60ml/min/1.73m 2 while worst in GFR<60 ml/min/1.73m 2 with bias(-5.79 vs -19.05), IQR(18.21 vs 10.85), P30(86.2% vs 21.1%), RMSE(16.68 vs 21.34). The CKD-EPI cysC equation had the lowest bias and the best accuracy(bias=-2.23, P30=59.4%) in age ≥70 years adults, followed by the FAS Scr-cysC equation equivalented to BIS-2 Scr-cysC equation(bias -5.33 vs -4.90, P30=57.3%), while the XiangYa equation performed worstly (bias=-20.39, P30=26.6%). Best ROC AUC was gaven by the FAS Scr-cysC equation(0.951),so was it had the highest Kappa value(0.364). The lowest Bias showed in Bland-Altman plot was the CKD-EPI cysC equation(bias=7.46). The highest ICC value was gaven by the FAS Scr-cysC equation(0.921). Secondly, it was the XiangYa equation with the ICC of 0.912. Conclusions The FAS Scr-cysC equation is verified most suitable and simpler applied to Chinese population. The CKD-EPI cysC equation is appropriate used in moderately and severely injured GFR(CKD3-5stage) and Seniors over 70 years old. The XiangYa equation performed perfectly in slightly injured GFR (CKD1-2stage), while further verification of XiangYa equation in multiple region need to carried out especially in moderately and severely injured GFR and older adults.

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Section: Basic Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparisons of Five Equations Used for Estimating the Glomerular Filtrations Rate in Chinese Adults

Fu¹,

Yang²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…47,48 Risk factor distribution may also differ between men and women and tends to increase with age; therefore, local epidemiology is relevant in development of strategies to address local risk factor burdens. 49,50 In many regions, metabolic risk factors are the major drivers of CKD risk, 47,50 and indeed, diabetes remains the most common cause of CKD globally. 13 The contribution of hypertension to the burden of CKD in developed countries is more variable but remains significant.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Major Traditional Risk Factors For Ckdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing CKD in Developed Countries

Luyckx

Cherney

Bello

2020

Kidney International Reports

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health concern in developed countries because of both the number of people affected and the high cost of care when prevention strategies are not effectively implemented. Prevention should start at the governance level with the institution of multisectoral polices supporting sustainable development goals and ensuring safe and healthy environments. Primordial prevention of CKD can be achieved through implementation of measures to ensure healthy fetal (kidney) development. Public health strategies to prevent diabetes, hypertension, and obesity as risk factors for CKD are important. These approaches are cost-effective and reduce the overall noncommunicable disease burden. Strategies to prevent nontraditional CKD risk factors, including nephrotoxin exposure, kidney stones, infections, environmental exposures, and acute kidney injury (AKI), need to be tailored to local needs and epidemiology. Early diagnosis and treatment of CKD risk factors such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension are key for primary prevention of CKD. CKD tends to occur more frequently and to progress more rapidly among indigenous, minority, and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Special attention is required to meet the CKD prevention needs of these populations. Effective secondary prevention of CKD relies on screening of individuals at risk to detect and treat CKD early, using established and emerging strategies. Within high-income countries, barriers to accessing effective CKD therapies must be recognized, and public health strategies must be developed to overcome these obstacles, including training and support at the primary care level to identify individuals at risk of CKD, and appropriately implement clinical practice guidelines.

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“…The prevalences of acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are increasing globally and are associated with an escalating socioeconomic burden (Jha et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2016;Hoste et al, 2018). It is now well recognized that acute and chronic loss of kidney function lead to dramatically increased risk for cardiovascular events and death and that CKD is associated with significantly poorer health-related quality of life (Wang et al, 2016;Lv and Zhang, 2019;See et al, 2019). These fundamental insights into the worldwide trends and consequences of kidney disease highlight the importance of research focussed on developing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of AKI and CKD.…”

Section: Editorial On the Research Topic Innovative Biologics And Drumentioning

confidence: 99%