Prevalence and Development of Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

Costello, E. Jane; Mustillo, Sarah A.; Erkanli, Alaattin; Keeler, Gordon; Angold, Adrian

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837

Cited by 3,407 publications

(2,795 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

209

Mentioning

2,410

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In both samples, ODD and any anxiety remained strongly associated with ADHD after adjustment, for the presence of other diagnoses, but depression was no longer associated after the adjustment. This finding is consistent with other recent reports (Costello et al 2003;Ford et al 2003). It also indicates the need for further research on the extent to which comorbidity between disorders may be explained by the presence of other disorders (Ford et al 2003).…”

Section: Common Findings In Two Samplessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The decrease of ADHD rates with age is consistent with previous reports (e.g., Costello et al 2003). However, it is important to note that this decline may be affected by the fact that the types of symptoms and the diagnostic thresholds set in the DSM-IV for inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity are not necessarily in correspondence with the different developmental periods underlying the age groups analyzed (Barkley et al 2002).…”

Section: Contrasting Findings In Two Samplessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…By the time children are 12-17 years old, they are likely to be referred to treatment because of symptoms of internalizing disorders as well as externalizing behaviors that are unrelated to ADHD. Because of the possibility of selection processes competing with developmental processes, we believe that age effects in clinical samples should be studied with longitudinal rather than cross-sectional designs.The decrease of ADHD rates with age is consistent with previous reports (e.g., Costello et al 2003). However, it is important to note that this decline may be affected by the fact that the types of symptoms and the diagnostic thresholds set in the DSM-IV for inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity are not necessarily in correspondence with the different developmental periods underlying the age groups analyzed (Barkley et al 2002).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Also, recent findings from community studies suggest that the significant association between two disorders may be explained by the presence of other disorders. For example, the comorbidity of ADHD with a depressive disorder may be specific to that disorder or due to an indirect association between these two with anxiety disorders (Costello et al 2003;Ford et al 2003). It is important to determine if ADHD comorbidity is specific to a given disorder or due to a pattern of associations across disorders in community and in clinical samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

Bauermeister

Shrout

Ramírez

et al. 2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and youth were examined in representative samples from the community and from treatment facilities serving medically indigent youth in Puerto Rico. Information from caretakers and youths was obtained using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, (version IV), measures of global impairment, and a battery of potential correlates. In the community (N=1,896) and the treated samples (N=763), 7.5 and 26.2% of the children, respectively, met criteria for DSM-IVADHD in the previous year. Although the prevalence rates and degree of impairment differed, the general patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment were similar in both populations. The exceptions were associated with conduct disorder, anxiety, impairment in the ADHD comorbid group, and age factors that appeared to be related to selection into treatment. Keywords ADHD; Correlates; Prevalence; Comorbidity; Hispanic/LatinoThe clinical research literature has consistently shown that Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (American Psychiatric Association 1994) is a disabling disorder that affects individuals across the lifespan (Barkley et al. 1990;. However, it is not clear whether the patterns of correlates, comorbidity, and impairment of the disorder in treated samples are the same for persons identified with ADHD in probability community samples. Studying the differences in patterns is important because findings from treatment samples can be biased due to selection effects that Cohen and Cohen (1984) called, "the clinician's illusion." They argued that bias can arise because clinical studies tend to focus on persons with more chronic and severe manifestations of the disorder. Insofar as these selection effects are ignored when looking at patterns of correlates, comorbidity, and impairment, the estimates of the associations related to these patterns can be affected by statistical bias known as Berkson's bias (Angold et al. 1999;Berkson 1950). To estimate the extent of the bias, it is necessary to compare findings in treated samples and epidemiological samples, using similar study designs and measures.Treatment-referred samples are appropriate for studies that aim to generalize findings to children who receive services in clinics, and also for studies that provide initial descriptions of rare disorders when the concern is identification of potential risk factors, or when very little developmental epidemiological research has been done (Angold et al. 1999). However, when evaluating results from treated cases, researchers must keep in mind the likelihood that these cases have more symptomatology, are more impaired, and usually constitute a higher burden to caregivers than children not receiving services. Also, minority/ethnic groups and prepubertal girls may be underrepresented in clinical samples (Goodman et al. 1997). Epidemiological studies that obtain representative community samples are designed to provid...

show abstract

Section: Common Findings In Two Samplessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Contrasting Findings In Two Samplessupporting

confidence: 90%

supporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

Bauermeister

Shrout

Ramírez

et al. 2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data from longitudinal studies point to the persistency of psychopathology from childhood through pre-adolescence and adolescence although the individual symptom patterns seem to change over time [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of SDQ-measured mental health problems at age 5–7 years and identification of predictors from birth to preschool age in a Danish birth cohort: The Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000

Elberling

Linneberg

Olsen

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the study is to investigate the prevalence, distribution and predictors of mental health problems in 5–7-year-old Danish children in the general population. This study is a 5–7-year follow-up study of a birth cohort of 6,090 children, the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000. The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was answered by parents and pre-school teachers. Data from Danish national registers included perinatal data, socioeconomic data and data on child mental illness diagnosed at hospital in preschool age. Register data from the first year of life was obtained from 99.7% of the children in the cohort. Of 5,898 eligible children, 3,501 participated in the SDQ assessment (59%). The overall estimated 6-month prevalence of mental health problems was 4.8% (95% CI 4.1–5.6). Conduct problems were found in 3.0% (95% CI 2.4–3.6), problems of hyperactivity/inattention in 0.7% (95% CI 0.4–1.0) and emotional problems in 1.5% (95% CI 1.1–1.9). Boys showed a higher risk of having mental health problems as compared to girls: risk ratio 2.0 (95% CI 1.5–2.8). Several markers of socioeconomic disadvantages were associated with mental health problems at 5–7 years of age. In conclusion, the 6-month prevalence of SDQ-measured mental health problems was relatively low in Danish children when compared with findings from several European countries, but was in line with findings from other studies in Nordic countries. The lower prevalence might reflect differences in psychosocial risk load and environmental stress given the social and cultural context

show abstract

The Partnership Access Line

Hilt¹,

Romaire²,

McDonell³

et al. 2013

JAMA Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prevalence and Development of Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

Abstract: The risk of having at least 1 psychiatric disorder by age 16 years is much higher than point estimates would suggest. Concurrent comorbidity and homotypic and heterotypic continuity are more marked in girls than in boys.

Cited by 3,407 publications

References 48 publications

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

The prevalence of SDQ-measured mental health problems at age 5–7 years and identification of predictors from birth to preschool age in a Danish birth cohort: The Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000

The Partnership Access Line

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About