Prevalence and determinants of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) among adults in Mexico during 2022: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative data

Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen; Fermín-Martínez, Carlos A.; Ramírez-García, Daniel; Vargas-Vázquez, Arsenio; Fernández-Chirino, Luisa; Basile-Alvarez, Martín Roberto; Sánchez-Castro, Paulina; Núñez-Luna, Alejandra; Antonio-Villa, Neftali Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.lana.2024.100688

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Most studies utilized self-report of both COVID-19 infection and PASC associated symptoms, 6 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 but in some, objective documentation of infection was required resulting in lower prevalence rates. 13 , 19 To our knowledge, this is the first study in the U.S. to estimate prevalence rates of PASC using different definitions in the same cohort. However, the most appropriate definition to ultimately use may depend on which one best predicts clinical outcomes or responses to therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In contrast, prevalence rates of 21.21% and 8.68% were observed using the NICE and PASC Score definitions in a survey of the adult population of Mexico. 19 Analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) found a 21.7% prevalence using the NICE definition. 20 The prevalence of PASC in the RECOVER cohort was 23%, 13 but a much higher rate of 61% was noted in a study from the International COVID Sleep Study II (ICOSSII) group using the World Health Organization definition of at least one symptom lasting at least 3 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep and long COVID: Preexisting sleep issues and the risk of PASC in a large general population using 3 different model definitions

Quan,

Weaver,

Czeisler

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Study ObjectivesInsomnia, poor sleep quality and extremes of sleep duration are associated with COVID-19 infection. This study assessed whether these factors are related to Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).MethodsCross-sectional survey of a general population of 24,803 U.S. adults to determine the association of insomnia, poor sleep quality and sleep duration with PASC.ResultsPrevalence rates of PASC among previously COVID-19 infected participants for three definitions of PASC were COPE (21.9%), NICE (38.9%) and RECOVER PASC Score (15.3%). PASC was associated with insomnia in all 3 models in fully adjusted models with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) ranging from 1.30 (95% CI: 1.11-1.52, p≤0.05, PASC Score) to 1.52 (95% CI: 1.34-1.71, p≤0.001, (NICE). Poor sleep quality was related to PASC in all models with aORs ranging from 1.77 (95% CI: 1.60-1.97, p≤0.001, NICE) to 2.00 (95% CI: 1.77-2.26, p≤0.001, COPE). Sleep <6 hours was associated with PASC with aORs between 1.59 (95% CI: 1.40-1.80, p≤0.001, PASC Score) to 1.70 (95% CI: 1.53-1.89, p≤0.001, COPE). Sleep>9 hours was not associated with PASC in any model. Although vaccination with COVID-19 booster decreased the likelihood of developing PASC, it did not attenuate associations between insomnia, poor sleep quality and short sleep duration with PASC in any of the models.ConclusionsInsomnia, poor sleep quality and short sleep duration are potential risk factors for PASC. Interventions to improve sleep may decrease the development of PASC.Brief SummaryCurrent Knowledge/Study RationaleInsomnia, poor sleep quality, and extremes of sleep duration have been associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 infection. However, evidence implicating an association with the development of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is scant.Study ImpactResults indicate that insomnia, poor sleep quality and sleep duration<6 hours are associated with an increase in the prevalence of PASC among persons who have previously had a COVID-19 infection. The findings provide support for employing interventions to improve sleep as a means to decrease the development of PASC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and long COVID: Preexisting sleep issues and the risk of PASC in a large general population using 3 different model definitions

Quan,

Weaver,

Czeisler

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Two‐ and 3‐year outcomes in convalescent individuals with COVID‐19: A prospective cohort study

Yang,

Guan,

Yang

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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As the long‐term consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have not been defined, it is necessary to explore persistent symptoms, long‐term respiratory impairment, and impact on quality of life over time in COVID‐19 survivors. In this prospective cohort study, convalescent individuals diagnosed with COVID‐19 were followed‐up 2 and 3 years after discharge from hospital. Participants completed an in‐person interview to assess persistent symptoms and underwent blood tests, pulmonary function tests, chest high‐resolution computed tomography, and the 6‐min walking test. There were 762 patients at the 2‐year follow‐up and 613 patients at the 3‐year follow‐up. The mean age was 60 years and 415 (54.5%) were men. At 3 years, 39.80% of the participants had at least one symptom; most frequently, fatigue, difficulty sleeping, joint pain, shortness of breath, muscle aches, and cough. The participants experienced different degrees of pulmonary function impairment, with decreased carbon monoxide diffusion capacity being the main feature; results remained relatively stable over the 2–3 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex and smoking were independently associated with impaired diffusion capacity. A subgroup analysis based on disease severity was performed, indicating that there was no difference in other parameters of lung function except forced vital capacity at 3‐year follow‐up. Persistent radiographic abnormalities, most commonly fibrotic‐like changes, were observed at both timepoints. At 3 years, patients had a significantly improved Mental Component Score compared with that at 2 years, with a lower percentage with anxiety. Our study indicated that symptoms and pulmonary abnormalities persisted in COVID‐19 survivors at 3 years. Further studies are warranted to explore the long‐term effects of COVID‐19 and develop appropriate rehabilitation strategies.

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Online peer support for mental health in individuals with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19: A pre‐post pilot study with mixed methods

Hazumi,

Miyake,

Kataoka

et al. 2024

PCN Reports

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AimThis pilot examined the effect of online peer support on mental health problems among individuals with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐2019 (PASC).MethodsA single‐arm pre‐post design of online peer‐support design consisting of eight sessions of 1 h per week with three to six participants and two facilitators per group was performed. Participants were recruited from online communities, social media, and medical clinics for the PASC between May and August 2023. The degrees of depression, anxiety, loneliness, social withdrawal, and self‐esteem were measured pre‐ and post‐intervention. Participants' statements during the sessions were analyzed using thematic analyses.ResultsOf the 18 participants, three dropped out of the interventions, and 17 (including two participants who dropped out) completed the pre‐ and post‐intervention questionnaires. Depression severity significantly decreased in the paired t‐test and linear mixed model. The following interactions were extracted: conveying the same feelings, dealing with difficulties, showing empathy, enhancing the atmosphere, and adapting to suit health conditions. Impressions extracted from participating in the interventions included feelings of emotional support, a sense of bonding, changes in perspective, changes in behaviors or new actions through participation, inadequacy during sessions, and adverse effects associated with participation.ConclusionOnline peer support may be helpful in treating depression in individuals with PASC.

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Prevalence and determinants of post-acute sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) among adults in Mexico during 2022: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative data

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Sleep and long COVID: Preexisting sleep issues and the risk of PASC in a large general population using 3 different model definitions

Sleep and long COVID: Preexisting sleep issues and the risk of PASC in a large general population using 3 different model definitions

Two‐ and 3‐year outcomes in convalescent individuals with COVID‐19: A prospective cohort study

Online peer support for mental health in individuals with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19: A pre‐post pilot study with mixed methods

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