Prevalence and determinants of pharmacy shopping behaviour

Buurma, Henk; Bouvy, Marcel L.; Smet, Peter A. G. M. De; Floor-Schreudering, Annemieke; Leufkens, Hubert G. M.; Egberts, Toine C. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00878.x

Cited by 111 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Despite their young age, many drivers in our study had a history of previous DUID investigations: an indication in itself of problematic drug use. This is consistent with previous research showing that dDrug diversion (Buurma et al, 2008;Hall et al, 2008;Rönkä et al, 2015), substance use disorders (Compton et al, 2007), risk-taking behaviour, traffic accidents (Turner and McClure, 2003) and drug-impaired driving (Jones, 2005) are all more common in the young. A higher utilization of prescription drugs from illegal sources, including the Internet, and a more restrictive prescribing of psychoactive drugs in the young, may further contribute to the effect of age in our studyexplain our results.…”

Section: Main Findings and Their Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As opposed to other substance use disorders, however, prescription drug abuse has reported as equal in both sexes (Cepeda et al, 2012;Hall et al, 2008;Han et al, 2014;Rönkä et al, 2015) or greater in women (Buurma et al, 2008;Worley and Thomas, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is also known about the factors associated with diversion of psychoactive prescription drugs, although the established risk factors for substance use disorders, including young age (Hall et al, 2008;Rönkä et al, 2015), mental health problems and previous treatment with psychoactive drugs (Buurma et al, 2008, Cepeda et al, 2012, Bodén et al, 2014 are likely to be important. As opposed to other substance use disorders, however, prescription drug abuse has reported as equal in both sexes (Cepeda et al, 2012;Hall et al, 2008;Han et al, 2014;Rönkä et al, 2015) or greater in women (Buurma et al, 2008;Worley and Thomas, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

Tjäderborn

Jönsson

Sandström

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Aims: To determine the prevalence of non-prescribed drug use among subjects suspected of drug-impaired driving with a confirmed intake of a psychoactive prescription drug, and to identify associated factors. Methods:Subjects investigated for drug-impaired driving in Sweden during 2006-2009 with a confirmed intake of diazepam, flunitrazepam, tramadol, zolpidem or zopiclone were identified using the Swedish Forensic Toxicology Database. Information on dispensed prescription drugs was retrieved from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Non-prescribed use was defined as a confirmed use of a psychoactive prescription drug intake confirmed by toxicological analysis in a subject by whom it was not dispensed in the 12 months preceding the sampling. Prevalence proportions were calculated for each drug and logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Results: In total, 2225 subjects were included. The median age (range) was 34 (15-80) years and 1864 (83.8%) subjects were male. Non-prescribed use was found in 1513 subjects (58.7%); for flunitrazepam 103 (76.3%), diazepam 1098 (74.1%), tramadol 192 (40.3%), zopiclone 60 (29.7%), and zolpidem 60 (21.2%) subjects, respectively. Younger age and multiple-substance use were associated with nonprescribed use, whereas ongoing treatment with other psychoactive drugs was negatively associated with nonprescribed use. Conclusions: Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs was common in subjects suspected of drug-impaired driving and was more frequent for benzodiazepines and tramadol compared to zolpidem and zopiclone. The young and multi-substance users were more likely, whereas subjects with ongoing prescribed treatment with other psychoactive drugs were less likely, to use non-prescribed drugs.

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Section: Main Findings and Their Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

Tjäderborn

Jönsson

Sandström

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…However, previous research by Buurma et al 21 showed that the majority of Dutch patients is loyal to one pharmacy. In 2001 only 11% of the beneficiaries of a Dutch health insurance company visited more than one pharmacy, and for those who did, it mostly was a one-time visit to a second pharmacy.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Pharmacy records have a high degree of completeness with regard to dispensed drugs. 21 All drugs were coded according to the WHO Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Persons were defined as user of a certain drug class if they filled at least one prescription in the year around the medical examination (between 6 months before and 6 months after the examination).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between body mass index, physical inactivity and use of prescription drugs: the Doetinchem Cohort Study

et al. 2010

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Background: Obesity and physical inactivity are associated with several diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal complaints, osteoporosis, certain types of cancer and depression. However, few data are available on the specific types of medication associated with obesity and physical inactivity. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the independent association of body mass index (BMI) and physical inactivity with use of specific classes of prescription drugs, and the interaction between BMI and physical inactivity. Methods: The Doetinchem Cohort Study is a population-based longitudinal study. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 1703 men and 1841 women, examined between 1998 and 2002, for whom drug-dispending data were available from the PHARMO database. Drugs were coded according to the WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Body weight was measured during the physical examination. Physical activity was assessed using an extensive questionnaire. Persons were defined as a user of a certain drug class if they filed at least one prescription in the year around ( ± 6 months) the examination. Results: Compared with normal weight persons (BMI 18.5-25 kg m À2 ), obese persons (BMI430 kg m À2 ) had a higher use of prescription drugs of several drug classes, especially cardiovascular drugs (OR (95% CI): 3.83 (2.61-5.64) in men and 2.80 (2.03-3.86) in women) and diabetes drugs (OR (95% CI): 5.72 (2.32-14.14) in men and 3.92 (1.80-8.54) in women). In women, physical inactivity was also associated with higher use of certain drug classes, such as drugs for blood and bloodforming organs (OR (95% CI): 2.11 (1.22-3.65)) and musculoskeletal drugs (OR (95% CI): 2.07 (1.45-2.97)), whereas in men this was not the case. We found no interaction between BMI and physical inactivity with respect to use of prescription drugs. Conclusion: In both men and women, obesity was associated with a higher use of several types of prescription drugs, whereas physical inactivity was only associated with a higher use of certain drug classes in women.

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Influence of Therapeutic Complexity on Medication Adherence in the Netherlands

Geers¹

2011

Arch Intern Med

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Prevalence and determinants of pharmacy shopping behaviour

Abstract: Pharmacy shopping behaviour is limited in the Netherlands. However, it may put the patient at risk for unintentional problems, such as drug-drug interactions with anti-infectives. A small proportion of patients exhibit possibly intentional shopping behaviour with psychotropic drugs.

Cited by 111 publications

References 17 publications

Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

Relation between body mass index, physical inactivity and use of prescription drugs: the Doetinchem Cohort Study

Influence of Therapeutic Complexity on Medication Adherence in the Netherlands

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