Prevalence and Determinants of Malaria Infection Among Children of local farmers in Central Malawi

Chilanga, Emmanuel; Collin‐Vézina, Delphine; MacIntosh, Heather B.; Mitchel, Claudia; Cherney, Katrina

doi:10.21203/rs.2.19600/v2

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with the literature in SSA that found that marital infidelity by men was a significant trigger of IPV against women [1,49]. Studies have shown that when women confront their partners after discovering their infidelity, some partners respond aggressively, which can escalate into emotional or physical violence [50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in Central Malawi

et al. 2020

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Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global human rights violation and a public health problem. The phenomenon is linked to adverse health effects for women and children. Mothers of young children in Malawi can be particularly at risk because of gender-based power imbalances. The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence and the risk factors of IPV against mothers of children under-five years of age in rural Malawi. Methods A multistage, cross-sectional study design was used. A sample of 538 mothers of young children was randomly selected from postnatal clinics in Dowa district. The WHO’s Violence against women screening instrument was used to collect data. Logistic regressions were used to determine risk factors that were associated with IPV against mothers. Results Overall prevalence of all four forms of IPV against mothers of under-five children was 60.2%. The prevalence of IPV controlling behavior, psychological, physical, and sexual violence were 74.7, 49.4, 43.7 and 73.2% respectively. In multivariate analyses, mothers whose partners had extra marital affairs were more likely to experience controlling behavior (AOR: 4.97, 95% CI: 2.59–8.55, P = 0.001), psychological (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.486–3.472, P = 0.001) and physical (AOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.48–3.94, P = 0.001) violence than mothers whose partners did not have extra marital affairs. Mothers whose partners consume alcohol were more likely to experience sexual violence (AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.17–3.41, P = 0.001) than mothers whose partners did not drink. Finally, mothers who spent more than 30 min drawing water were at greater risk of experiencing IPV than mothers who spent less than 30 min. Conclusion This study found a significantly higher prevalence of IPV against mothers of under-five children in rural Malawi compared to women in the general population. Micro and macro-level programs aimed at mitigating the partners’ potential risk behaviors identified in this study are suggested. Public health programs that support increased household access to safe water are also recommended to help undermine IPV against mothers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in Central Malawi

et al. 2020

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“…No difference was found between sex in this study. Similar results were reported in Chimoio, Mozambique in 2018 17 , in Malawi in 2020 21 and in Zimbabwe 22 in 2021.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Modelling Sociodemographic Factors That Affect Malaria Prevalence in Sussundenga, Mozambique.

Ferrão

Earland

Novela

et al. 2021

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BackgroundMalaria is still one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Mozambique with little progress in malaria control over the past 20 years. Sussundenga is one of most affected areas. Malaria transmission has a strong association with environmental and socio-demographic factors. The knowledge of sociodemographic factors that affects malaria, may be used to improve the strategic planning for its control and, such studies do not exist in Sussundenga. Hence, the objective of this study is to model the relationship between malaria and sociodemographic factors in Sussundenga, Mozambique. MethodsHouses in the study area were digitalized and enumerated using GoogleEarth ProTM. Hundred houses were randomly selected to conduct a community survey of P. falciparum parasite prevalence using rapid diagnostic test (RDT). During the survey, a questionnaire was conducted to assess the socio-demographic factors of the participants. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and backward stepwise logistic regression was performed establishing a relationship between positive cases and the factors. The analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20 package. ResultsThe overall P. falciparum prevalence was 31.6 %. Half of the malaria positive cases occurred in age group 5 to 14 years. Previous malaria treatment, population density and age group were significant predictors for the model. The model explained 13.5 % of the variance in malaria positive cases and sensitivity of the final model was 73.3 %. ConclusionIn this area the highest burden of P. falciparum infection was among those t5-14 years old. Malaria infection was related to socio-demographic factors. Targeting malaria control at community level can contributed better than waiting for cases at health centers. These finding can be used to guide more effective interventions in this region.Trial registrationReview Board (IRB) at the University of Minnesota STUDY00007184 CNBS [IRB00002657]

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“…In this study, women with partners who had extra marital sexual affairs were at greater risk for experiencing controlling, psychological, and physical violence than women who reported that their partners did not had extra marital affairs. This nding is consistent with the literature in SSA that found that marital in delity by men was a signi cant trigger of IPV against women [54,55]. Studies have shown that when women confront their partners after discovering their in delity, some partners respond aggressively, which can escalate into emotional or physical violence [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in central Malawi

Chilanga

Collin‐Vézina

Khan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global human rights violation and a public health problem. The phenomenon is linked to adverse health effects for women and children. Mothers of young children in Malawi can be particularly at risk because of gender-based power imbalances. The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence and the risk factors of IPV against mothers of children under-five years of age in rural Malawi.Methods A multistage, cross-sectional study design was used. A sample of 538 mothers of young children was randomly selected from postnatal clinics in Dowa district. The WHO's Violence against women screening instrument was used to collect data. Logistic regressions were used to determine risk factors that were associated with IPV against mothers. Results Overall prevalence of all four forms of IPV against mothers of under-five children was 60.2%. The prevalence of IPV controlling behavior, psychological, physical, and sexual violence were 74.7%, 49.4%, 43.7% and 73.2% respectively. In multivariate analyses, mothers whose partners had extra marital affairs were more likely to experience controlling behavior (AOR: 4.97, 95% CI: 2.59-8.55, P = 0.001), psychological (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.486-3.472, P = 0.001) and physical (AOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.48-3.94, P = 0.001) violence than mothers whose partners did not have extra marital affairs. Mothers whose partners consume alcohol were more likely to experience sexual violence (AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.17-3.41, P = 0.001) than mothers whose partners did not drink. Finally, mothers who spent more than 30 minutes drawing water were at greater risk of experiencing IPV than mothers who spent less than 30 minutes. Conclusion This study found a significantly higher prevalence of IPV against mothers of under-five children in rural Malawi compared to women in the general population. Micro and macro-level programs aimed at mitigating the partners’ potential risk behaviors identified in this study are suggested. Public health programs that support increased household access to safe water are also recommended to help undermine IPV against mothers.

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Prevalence and Determinants of Malaria Infection Among Children of local farmers in Central Malawi

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in Central Malawi

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in Central Malawi

Modelling Sociodemographic Factors That Affect Malaria Prevalence in Sussundenga, Mozambique.

Prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence against mothers of children under-five years in central Malawi

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