Prevalence and Determinants of Excessive Screen Viewing Time in Children Aged 3–15 Years and Its Effects on Physical Activity, Sleep, Eye Symptoms and Headache

Jain, Shilpa; Shrivastava, Shreya; Mathur, Aditya; Pathak, Deepali; Pathak, Ashish

doi:10.3390/ijerph20043449

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Excessive ST was associated with lower PA intensity levels [24] and less playing outside [5,62] in children and adolescents. Moreover, in a longitudinal study, excessive ST at 2 years of age led to less time playing outside 8 months later [48].…”

Section: Sleep and Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 90%

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Screen Time and Its Health Consequences in Children and Adolescents

Priftis,

Panagiotakos

2023

Children

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Nowadays, children and adolescents are exposed to digital media (DM) from an early age. Therefore, specific guidelines have been published by the World Health Organization, whose aim is to limit daily screen time (ST) viewing. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a rise in DM use, and consequently ST viewing, was observed. More and more aspects of modern life are thought to be affected by excessive ST viewing. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to document the health effects of excessive ST viewing on children and adolescents. A narrative review was performed in searchable databases. In total, 43 original articles were considered. Excessive ST viewing was correlated with increased risk for obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors, mental health, unhealthy dietary habits and eating disorders, and problems in development and child–parent relationships. Sleep, physical activity, eyesight, headaches, and the musculoskeletal system were negatively affected as well. However, the effect of ST was weighted by the type of media used and the way types of media were used. Other confounding factors were reported. There is evidence to suggest a negative correlation between excessive ST and youth health exists. Nevertheless, more research is needed if this correlation is to be established.

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Section: Sleep and Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…An explanation for why excessive ST leads to dry eyes and eye discomfort could be that high-concentration tasks (such as concentrating on a screen) reduce blinking rate and tear break-up time [67], causing dryness and refraction problems. Interestingly, eye pain has been identified as a PF against excessive ST [62].…”

Section: Eyesight and Headachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Time and Its Health Consequences in Children and Adolescents

Priftis,

Panagiotakos

2023

Children

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“…The United States has the highest number of studies with n=7 [18], [20], [33], [38], [40], [42], [43]. India follows this with n=5 studies [15], [17], [29], [36], [41]. There are n=3 studies found in Pakistan [24], [26], [28] suggesting a growing awareness of the importance of understanding children's screen time in the country.…”

Section: Distribution Of Past Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Meanwhile, n=6 studies used a mixed-method research design. This review indicates that the survey is the highest research approach used for collecting data on screen time behaviours with n=15 [12], [16]- [19], [22], [23], [25], [27], [30], [32], [34], [38], [40], [44], In addition, the cross-sectional study indicates n=8 studies [28], [29], [31], [23], [35], [24], [41], [26] and interviews with n=5 studies [20], [12], [23], [43], [45] respectively. Meanwhile, n=3 studies [14], [21], [37], were found to apply the longitudinal study and n=2 studies used the descriptive study [17], [36] respectively.…”

Section: Research Design Used In Past Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of screen time on children’s well-being development: a scoping review

Mee,

Harun,

Pek

et al. 2024

IJPHS

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In the era of digitalisation, working parents today rely more than ever on electronic gadgets as digital babysitters and device-led playtime to entertain their children. The study suggests that parents and their interactions with the home environment may contribute to shaping children’s screen time. However, many struggle to keep up with the immense variety of mobile applications easily downloaded online. Thus, long screen time exposure inhibits children’s ability to engage actively in physical activities as well as affects children’s well-being development. This scoping review aims to identify parental perceptions of children’s exposure to screens for a long period of time and how screen time affects children’s well-being. Five databases, including Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), and ScienceDirect, were used in this research. In the initial identification stage, 218 articles were identified from the mentioned databases above. However, there were only 81 articles found to be assessed for eligibility. A total of 34 articles are eligible for analysis and reference after the exclusion and inclusion process for data collection. The findings show that the increased exposure to screens raised concerns about potential negative effects on children’s emotions and behaviour.

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“…[ 5 ] A study conducted in Ujjain, India, found that headaches were significantly associated with the use of mobile phones. [ 6 ] To prevent such harmful effects various guidelines have been provided by different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile phone use by young children and parent's views on children's mobile phone usage

Shah,

Phadke

2023

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Aims: This study aims to explore the prevalence of mobile phone use among young children aged 6 months to 4 years. We studied the usage patterns, optimal age for use, and the attitudes of parents toward their child's mobile phone use. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a pediatric OPD of a tertiary teaching hospital for a period of 2-months. Ethics committee approval and informed consent was taken before conducting the research. A predesigned and validated questionnaire was used to collect data. We calculated a sample size of 90 children at a 95% confidence level. Chi-square test and Fischer's exact test were used as a test of significance at 5% level of significance. Results: We observed that 73.34% of children were using mobile phones and mobile phone usage increased with age. Children used mobile phones for educational purposes (43.9%), and for less than an hour a day (57.6%). In the 3-4 year age group, 19% used mobile phones for 3 hours or more. While 93.3% of parents felt they shouldn't give their child a phone, 71.4% children of these parents still used one. Conclusions: Our study highlights a high prevalence of mobile phone use among young children aged 6 months to 4 years. Although parents aimed to limit their child's phone usage, the reality was different. We recommend that guidelines on mobile phone use be followed in India.

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Prevalence and Determinants of Excessive Screen Viewing Time in Children Aged 3–15 Years and Its Effects on Physical Activity, Sleep, Eye Symptoms and Headache

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Screen Time and Its Health Consequences in Children and Adolescents

Screen Time and Its Health Consequences in Children and Adolescents

The impact of screen time on children’s well-being development: a scoping review

Mobile phone use by young children and parent's views on children's mobile phone usage

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