Prevalence and determinants of concurrent wasting and stunting and other indicators of malnutrition among children 6–59 months old in Kersa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Malnutrition is the leading cause of poor child health in Ethiopia, and progress to avert it is unacceptably slow. In addition, little is known about the magnitude and factors associated with concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with WaSt, wasting, stunting and underweight among children 6-59 months in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia. Data from a total of 1091 children and their parents' were analysed from a cross-sectional study. Household questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were used for data collection. Height-for-age, weight-forheight and weight-for-age indices are expressed as standard deviation units from the mean for the reference group. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with WaSt, wasting, stunting and underweight. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. The prevalence of indicators of malnutrition was WaSt (5.8%), wasting (16.8%), stunting (53.9%) and underweight (36.9%). Children aged 6-17 months had a higher odds of wasting (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-2.75) compared with those aged 36-59 months, whereas children aged 18-35 months (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.65-3.47) and 36-59 months (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.07-2.37) had higher odds of stunting compared with those aged 6-17 months. Similarly, children aged 18-35 months (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.07-2.37) and 36-59 months (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.52-3.10) had higher odds of underweight compared with children aged 6-17 months. Households that did not treat drinking water at point of use were at higher odds of WaSt (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.16-9.27) and stunting (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.31-2.85) compared with those who did treat drinking water. Boys were more likely to be WaSt, wasted, stunted and underweight. Cough was associated with WaSt, wasting and underweight. Furthermore, maternal education, maternal occupation and maternal age were significantly associated with

Assessment of Undernutrition Using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) and its Determinants: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Rural Area of Bogor District in Indonesia

“…In this study, the age of the child is a factor associated with undernutrition based on wasting and is the dominant factor. This study is in line with other studies which have found that the age of the child is associated with undernutrition based on wasting (44,52) and is the dominant factor in wasting (44) 2020) who found that children living in hotter regions of sub-Saharan Africa were more likely to be wasting, underweight, and simultaneously wasting and stunting, but was less likely to be stunting than in colder regions (58). Research conducted in the appropriate location (sub-Saharan Africa) in 2019 showed an increase in temperature exposure for 470 hours above 30°C, the possibility of an increase in wasted by 3% and stunting by 6% (59).…”

“…Mother's age, family income, parity, mother's knowledge of nutrition, gender of children, history of infectious diseases, history of immunization, room temperature, humidity, source of the cooking water, hand washing habits, and defecation habits had no signi cant effect on stunting. In line with the research which stated that mother's age, sex (44,49), history of infectious disease, mother's knowledge of nutrition (37), parity (46), family income, immunization history (46) were not related to undernutrition based on stunting. This study is not in line with other studies which state that family income or socioeconomic status (49,50), gender (38), history of diarrhea, water sources and processing (44,45), hand washing habits, defecation habits (38,51) is associated with undernutrition based on stunting.…”

“…In line with the research which stated that mother's age, sex (44,49), history of infectious disease, mother's knowledge of nutrition (37), parity (46), family income, immunization history (46) were not related to undernutrition based on stunting. This study is not in line with other studies which state that family income or socioeconomic status (49,50), gender (38), history of diarrhea, water sources and processing (44,45), hand washing habits, defecation habits (38,51) is associated with undernutrition based on stunting.…”

“…Following other studies which found that family income, child's age (36), mother's height (37) (45,46), frequency of consumption of energy, and protein sources (47) were factors associated with stunting. However, there are still differences in results in several studies which state that mother's education, mother's occupation (37,44,48) are not related to undernutrition based on stunting.…”

Predictors of wasting among children under-five years in largely food insecure area of north Wollo, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…Aligning nutrition interventions and health systems is thus needed, if the WHA targets of achieving wasting <5 % by 2025 and the government's plan (Seqota Declaration) to end stunting by 2030, as well as achieving SDG#2 by 2030 are to be realised. Besides health status of children, a key determinant of wasting was the quality of children's diets (12,14) . Consistent with other reports, the present study revealed that the odds of wasting were 2⋅9 times higher among children who did not receive a diversified diet compared with those who had better quality diets (≥4 food groups).…”