Prevalence and Correlates of Tobacco Smoking in Sri Lanka

Katulanda, Prasad; Wickramasinghe, Kremlin; Mahesh, J G; Rathnapala, Amila; Constantine, Godwin; Sheriff, Rezvi; Matthews, David R.; Fernando, Shyam S. D.

doi:10.1177/1010539509355599

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our finding is in concordance with other Chinese studies [3,22]. In this study, the prevalence of smoking among men was greater than the prevalence rate observed in 2010 China Global Adults Tobacco Survey (GATS, 56.1%) [23] and other Asian people [24]. As a result of such high smoking prevalence rate, 97.84% of the total economic cost of smoking was borne by men in the sampled communities, which was much higher than the findings from an Indian study (87%) [25], indicating that smoking is a serious public health concern especially for men in rural south-west China, and presenting great challenge to local policymakers to implement the tobacco control policies to reduce tobacco use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The economic burden of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in rural South-West China

Cai

Cui

et al. 2014

Journal of Asthma

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The economic burden of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in rural South-West China

Cai

Cui

et al. 2014

Journal of Asthma

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“…The incidence of hospitalization due to diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension and ischaemic heart disease is increasing in Sri Lanka 3 . One in four adults over 20 years has hypertension with a prevalence of 28.4% 4 . Meanwhile, the number of patients admitted to hospitals due to hypertension was 469.8 cases per 100,000 population and number of deaths was 2.9 per 100,000 population in Sri Lanka in the year 2007 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Knowledge on Hypertension, its consequences and management practices among hypertensive patients - A descriptive study

Kisokanth

Ilankoon

Arulanandem

et al. 2016

J. Postgrad. Inst. Med.

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Background Hypertension is an important public health challenge and is a major risk factor for many other diseases. Lack of knowledge on the dangers of untreated hypertension, the benefits of better control and poor management practices are barriers for effective hypertensive care. Objective The aim of the study was to describe the level of knowledge on the disease, its complications and management strategies among hypertensive patients attending Medical Clinics at Teaching Hospital, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted mong 424 patients diagnosed with 'essential hypertension' attending medical clinics. A pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15. A scoring system was used to assess the overall knowledge of the participants. Results The study population consisted of 174(41%) males and 250(59%) females. Nearly 43% stated that blood pressure of 120/80mmHg was normal. Only 3.3% were aware that hypertension may be asymptomatic. The main aggravating factors for hypertension identified by participants were stress (59.2%) and high salt intake (50.9%). Organs damaged by poorly controlled hypertension were identified as the heart (50%) and kidneys (26%). Sixty four percent said that both medication and lifestyle modifications are useful to control hypertension. Blood pressure lowering strategies identified were reducing body weight (76.0%) and salt reduction (81.1%). Only 45.0% agreed that increased consumption of fruits and vegetables improves control of hypertension. A minority (2.4%) were unsure of non-pharmacological management strategies. Overall knowledge score was inadequate (<50%) among 391(92%), with a mean of 30.8% (SD ± 15.5) ranging from 4.4 -89.1%. Conclusions Inadequate knowledge on hypertension, its complications and management strategies was seen. Targeted health education strategies are urgently needed to improve knowledge to prevent consequences of poorly controlled hypertension.

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“…The rate of smoking among controls was taken as 38% based on smoking prevalence in Sri Lanka [8]. Odds ratio associated with the exposure (smoking) was taken as 2.7 [9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and lung cancer risk in Sri Lankan men: a case-control study

Chulasiri¹,

Gunawardana

Silva

2017

Ceylon Med. J.

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Objectives Tobacco smoking is the strongest risk factor for lung cancer. As the strength of association of smoking and lung cancer in Sri Lanka has not been estimated, a study was conducted to estimate the risk of lung cancer among adult male smokers in the Colombo District.Methods A case control study was carried out among 62 newly diagnosed male lung cancer patients from the Colombo District presenting to National Cancer Institute, Maharagama. Four controls per case were randomly selected from the same Grama Niladhari area matching the age of the cases within 10 years. Absence of lung cancer was clinically confirmed in the controls. Information on smoking, other potential risk factors and confounders were obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Univariate analysis and logistic regression identified the risk factors.Results After adjustment for confounding variables, ever smokers odds of having lung cancer compared to never smokers OR 10.74 (95% CI 3.54-32.59) . Lower educ ation level (OR=5.61, 95% CI 2.37-13.28), ever exposed to X-rays (OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.14-6.94) and a family history of any cancer (OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.09-7.30) were other significant risk factors. The population attributable risk percent (PAR%) showed that 84.04% of the male lung cancer cases are attributed to smoking. ConclusionsSmoking and exposure to X-rays were risk factor for lung cancer among adult males in the Colombo District.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Tobacco Smoking in Sri Lanka

Abstract: Smoking is common among Sri Lankan males and is associated with lower education, income, and middle age.

Cited by 39 publications

References 27 publications

The economic burden of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in rural South-West China

The economic burden of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in rural South-West China

Assessment of Knowledge on Hypertension, its consequences and management practices among hypertensive patients - A descriptive study

Smoking and lung cancer risk in Sri Lankan men: a case-control study

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