Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use and nicotine dependence among psychiatric patients in India

Chandra, Prabha S.; Carey, Michael P.; Carey, Kate B.; Jairam, K R; Girish, N; Rudresh, H P

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.01.002

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our finding also points to the fact that a strong socioeconomic gradient is associated with tobacco use which had its reflection on the nicotine dependency status. A study conducted among psychiatric patients who had attended a major hospital in South India also reported of higher dependence among older and less educated patients, whereas no association was found between nicotine dependence and the specific psychiatric diagnosis represented in the study (Chandra et al, 2005). In our study, the FTND score was highest for both forms of tobacco.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…In a country like India with diverse cultural, ethnic and demographic back ground, where smoking prevalence is high, a better understanding of nicotine dependency will add-on to more possibilities in the treatment of nicotine dependence. Though a few studies were conducted in India to estimate the nicotine dependency status of selected sub-groups (Chandra et al,2005;Jhanjee and Sethi, 2010), this study was conducted exclusively in a rural population. Though studies from rural areas have not been reported, a study conducted among 500 male students representing 5 universities in Ranchi district of India reported a FTND score of 6.7±2.22 (Sahoo and Jayant., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Nicotine Dependence among Smokers in a Selected Rural Population in Kerala, India

Jayakrishnan

Mathew²,

Lekshmi³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Objectives: An attempt was made to understand the nicotine dependence of smokers selected for an ongoing smoking cessation intervention programme in rural Kerala, India. Methods: Data were collected from resident males in the age group of 18 to 60 years from 4 randomly allocated community development blocks of rural Thiruvananthapuram district (2 intervention and 2 control groups). Trained accredited social health activist workers were utilised to collect data from all groups through face to face interview. Nicotine dependence among participants was assessed by means of the six-item Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) translated into the local language. The internal consistency of FTND was computed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Criterion validity (concurrent) was assessed by correlations of nicotine dependence scores with age at initiation of smoking and cumulative smoking volume in pack-years. Results: Among the 928 smokers identified, 474 subjects were in the intervention area (mean age =44.6 years, SD =9.66 years) and 454 in the control area (mean age= 44.5 years, SD =10.30 years). The overall FTND score among current daily smokers was 5.04 (SD: 5.05). FTND scores in the control and intervention areas were 4.75 (SD: 2.57) and 4.92 (SD: 2.51) respectively. The FTND scores increased with age and decreased with higher literacy and socioeconomic status. The average FTND score was high among smokers using both bidi and cigarettes (mean 6.10, SD 2.17). Internal consistency analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.70 in a subsample of 150 subjects, a moderate result. The association of the scale was strongest, with the number of pack-years smoked (rho = 0.677, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A moderate level of nicotine dependence was observed among smokers in the current study. Tobacco cessation strategies could be made more cost effective and productive if a baseline assessment of nicotine dependence is completed before any intervention.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nicotine Dependence among Smokers in a Selected Rural Population in Kerala, India

Jayakrishnan

Mathew²,

Lekshmi³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…In contrast to western societies, in countries where smoking of women is not culturally accepted, smoking among women with mental illness is found to be similar to women in the general population (33,36,47). Although smoking rates remain lower among women with mental illness, the rate of dependence among smoker women is higher in these societies (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Similarly, studies with schizophrenia patients report that cigarette use is associated to male gender (30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Smoking is also associated with male sex not only in people with schizophrenia but with other mental illnesses as well (35)(36)(37). Males have a higher smoking rate also in the general public sample (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cigarette Consumption and Related Factors in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Delusional Disorder

Boşgelmez¹,

Yıldız²

2017

Dusunen Adam

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Cigarette consumption and related factors in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorderObjective: The present study is designed to assess the rate of smoking and related factors in outpatients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder.Methods: Medical records of 541 patients, diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and delusional disorder according to DSM-IV were examined retrospectively. Daily cigarette consumption, sociodemographic characteristics and medical data of the patients were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors associated with smoking. Correlation analysis was performed to assess factors related with daily cigarette consumption.Results: Of the 541 patients, 242 (44.7%) were current smokers. Smoking rate was significantly higher in males. Although there were differences in sociodemographic characteristics and disorder related variables, there was no difference in smoking rates of patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and delusional disorder. In logistic regression analysis it was shown that smoking was associated with male gender and violent behavior after illness onset in psychotic disorders. Correlation analysis showed that mean number of daily consumed cigarettes correlated moderately with the duration of the illness. Conclusions:In the study, similar smoking rates were found between psychotic disorders. Smoking is strongly related with male gender and violent behavior after onset of illness. The relation between smoking and violent behavior emerges as a new field deserving further investigation.Keywords: Delusional disorder, psychotic disorders, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, smoking ÖZET Şizofreni, şizoaffektif bozukluk ve sanrılı bozuklukta sigara tüketimi ve ilişkili etmenler Amaç: Bu çalışmada ayaktan tedavi gören şizofreni, şizoaffektif bozukluk ve sanrılı bozukluk hastalarında sigara kullanma sıklığını ve bununla ilişkili etmenleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: DSM-IV'e göre şizofreni, şizoaffektif bozukluk ve sanrılı bozukluk tanısı alan 541 hastanın dosyası geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların günlük sigara kullanma miktarı, nüfus özellikleri ve hastalıklarıyla ilişkili dosya verileri değerlendirildi. Sigara içimiyle ilişkili etmenleri belirlemek için lojistik regresyon, günlük sigara tüketimi miktarıyla ilişkili etmenleri araştırmak için korelasyon analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 541 hastanın %44.7'sinin (n=242) düzenli olarak sigara kullandığı belirlendi.Erkeklerin sigara kullanma oranı kadınlarınkinden anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Şizofreni, şizoaffektif bozukluk ve sanrılı bozukluk hastalarında çalışmada ele alınan nüfus özellikleri ve hastalıklarıyla ilişkili değişkenler açısından farklılıklar olmasına rağmen, sigara içimi sıklığı bakımından fark saptanmadı. Lojistik regresyon analizi uygulandığında psikotik bozukluklarda sigara kullanımının, erkek cinsiyet ve hastalandıktan sonraki şiddet davranışı ile ilişkili olduğu sa...

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“…Most data on this topic is derived from research conducted in western countries, except for a few studies from countries such as India (12). To the best of our knowledge, there is no research data on the prevalence of nicotine dependency in patients with schizophrenia in Sri Lanka.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco smoking in persons with schizophrenia followed up at a teaching hospital in Sri Lanka

Edrisinghe¹,

Wijesinghe²,

Williams³

et al. 2014

Sri Lanka J. Psyc.

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BackgroundStudies in Western populations indicate that the prevalence of smoking in patients with schizophrenia ranges from 70-90%. Data from low and middle income countries is sparse. AimsTo determine the prevalence of smoking in patients with schizophrenia, and to identify probable associations. MethodologyThe study was conducted at the psychiatry outpatient clinics of Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama. Consecutive outpatients who met ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were invited to answer an interviewer administered, pre-tested questionnaire on socio-demographic status, smoking habits, disease and treatment related characteristics. The Fagerstrom's Test for Nicotine Dependence was used to grade the level of nicotine addiction. ResultsOf the 400 patients with schizophrenia, 171 (42.8%) were smokers. Of them 150 (87.7%) were dependent on nicotine. In terms of Fagerstrom's Test, high dependence was seen in 3.3% (n=5) while 39.2% (n=59) and 57.3% (n=86) reported moderate and low dependence respectively. All the smokers were male. For a majority of the patients the age of initiation of smoking was between 16-25 years, correlating with the onset of schizophrenia. Interestingly, most of the smokers (63.2%) were keen to quit smoking. Participants who smoked were significantly more likely to misuse other substances (p=0.001) and to suffer from physical illnesses (p=0.0001), compared to non-smokers. Smokers were also significantly more likely to be on intramuscular depot antipsychotics (p=0.032), whereas non-smokers in contrast, were more likely to be on atypical antipsychotics (p=0.0001). ConclusionA dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and nicotine dependence could be made in nearly half of our study population with schizophrenia. Although these rates are lower than in western populations, it is an issue that needs to be addressed in the treatment.

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Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use and nicotine dependence among psychiatric patients in India

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Assessment of Nicotine Dependence among Smokers in a Selected Rural Population in Kerala, India

Assessment of Nicotine Dependence among Smokers in a Selected Rural Population in Kerala, India

Cigarette Consumption and Related Factors in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Delusional Disorder

Tobacco smoking in persons with schizophrenia followed up at a teaching hospital in Sri Lanka

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