Prevalence and correlates of opiate overdose among young injection drug users in a large U.S. city

Drug-Related Deaths in France in 2007: Estimates and Implications

“…A distinction must be made between the formal statistical exercise and the practical results obtained in the field, as the latter may modify the initial findings. As such, crosschecking of data sources should be applied more often and completed with cohort surveys (Sherman, Yingkai, & Kral, 2007). More qualitative local studies involving outreach workers with solid knowledge of their field and geographical area are also to be considered (Miotto, McCann, Rawson, Frosch, & Ling, 1997).…”

Overdose prevention for injection drug users: Lessons learned from naloxone training and distribution programs in New York City

“…This reversed a steady increase in heroin overdoses since 1991 [25]. In Baltimore, naloxone distribution began in April 2004; as of March 2006, 951 individuals have been trained in naloxone administration and a reported 131 overdoses have been reversed with the use of naloxone [14]. Since December 2003, through a collaboration between Project DOPE and the San Francisco Department of Public Health, 700 participants have received a prescription for naloxone with 170 reported overdoses reversed with naloxone [10].…”

“…Currently, in several cities in the United States (US), drug users are being trained in naloxone administration and given naloxone for immediate reversals of opiate overdoses [9-13]. Preliminary reports from these programs have documented lifesaving events through peer administration without observed adverse effects [11,12,14] and increased overdose awareness and preparedness among opiate users in the programs. While the prevalence of opiate overdose mortality and the role of naloxone in opiate overdose prevention are gaining increased public health-related attention, there has been limited formal description of the development, implementation and evaluation of a large-scale naloxone administration training and distribution programs to IDUs and the lessons learned during this process [12,15].…”

Biocompatible charcoal composites prepared by ionic liquids for drug detoxification

“…Therefore, death from overdose can occur as a fatal dose is not much larger than the recommended therapeutic dose. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Activated charcoals are clinically used for hemoperfusion; however, the use of uncoated activated charcoals generally results in thrombosis, eventually requiring additional whole blood citratization and human serum albumin because of the lack of blood compatibility. 13 Clinically, there is a strong need to develop biocompatible charcoal composites capable of prohibiting clot formation and thrombosis during hemoperfusion, kidney dialysis, and preparation of vascular grafts.…”