Prevalence and Correlates of Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Trans Women in São Paulo, Brazil

Costa, Maria Carolina Barros; McFarland, Willi; Wilson, Erin C.; Xie, Hui; Arayasirikul, Sean; Moura, Ferdinando Diniz de; Veras, Maria Amélia

doi:10.1089/lgbt.2020.0059

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This analysis is the first to examine use of nonprescription hormones among transgender women in a sample from multiple urban areas. The geographical breadth and rigorous sampling strategy reinforce findings from previous research, further demonstrating association between use of nonprescription hormones compared with only prescription hormones and clear indicators of social and economic marginalization, such as disengagement from health care ( 6 , 7 ), lack of adequate insurance coverage ( 1 ), recent participation in exchange sex ( 10 ), and experiencing recent homelessness ( 9 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Among convenience samples of transgender women, correlates of nonprescription hormone use are typically based on studies in a single state, city, or clinical population. Although limited, previous studies suggest that nonprescription hormone use is correlated with lacking health insurance ( 1 ), experiencing homelessness ( 9 ) and a history of receiving money or drugs in exchange for sex during the past 12 months (hereafter, exchange sex) ( 10 ). These findings suggest that where nonprescription hormone use occurs, barriers to needed resources (e.g., housing and licit income) and barriers to affordable health care services are more likely to be present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Transgender Women — National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, Seven Urban Areas, United States, 20192020

Olansky,

Lee,

Handanagic

et al. 2024

MMWR Suppl.

1
0
0
0

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Certain transgender women who seek gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) face economic and social barriers that limit or prevent access to medically supervised GAHT. Transgender women facing such barriers might acquire GAHT without prescription, potentially without proper dosage, administration, and health monitoring in the absence of medical supervision. For this report, survey data were analyzed from 1,165 transgender women in seven urban areas in the United States to examine associations between self-reported use of nonprescription GAHT and known correlates of nonprescription GAHT, including cost, insurance coverage for GAHT, homelessness, receiving money or drugs in exchange for sex during the past 12 months (exchange sex), lack of comfort discussing gender with provider, and lack of health care use. After controlling for complex sampling design, transgender women who reported recent health care use or insurance coverage for GAHT were less likely to report nonprescription GAHT, and those reporting recent exchange sex or recent homelessness were more likely to report nonprescription GAHT. Findings suggest that transgender women were more likely to use GAHT without a prescription in situations of economic and social marginalization (e.g., disengagement from health care, lack of insurance or trans-specific health care, homelessness, or engagement in sex work). Public health professionals can use these results to design effective interventions to facilitate prescribed hormone use among transgender women in the United States, although access to housing, trans-affirming health care, and insurance coverage might be needed to prevent nonprescription use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%

Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Transgender Women — National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, Seven Urban Areas, United States, 20192020
Olansky,
Lee,
Handanagic
et al. 2024
MMWR Suppl.
1
0
0
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…O uso de hormônios sem prescrição médica pode trazer problemas como hipertensão arterial, aumento do risco de tromboses e de câncer. Em um dos estudos 93,4% das entrevistadas usaram hormônios em algum momento da vida com objetivo de feminização (Costa et al, 2021). Outra característica é o uso de doses acima do recomendado e de forma intermitente, muitas vezes utilizando formulações com Etinilestradiol e progestágenos ao invés de estradiol e bloqueadores de androgênios que são os hormônios preferíveis para alcançar os resultados buscados (Krüger et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Costa et al (2021) encontrou em sua amostra de 790 mulheres trans no Estado de São Paulo que 93,4% usaram hormônios alguma vez para a feminização do corpo. No momento da pesquisa 36,8% faziam uso de hormônios sem prescrição médica e a maioria destas se identificava como não branca, com pouca escolaridade, com condições instáveis de moradia e eram jovens entre 18 e 25 anos.…”

unclassified

Acesso aos cuidados em saúde de travestis e mulheres transexuais no Brasil
Farias
¹
,
Cury
²

2022
RSD
2
0
0
0
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Travestis e mulheres transexuais sofrem exclusão social, apresentam uma alta carga de doenças e baixa expectativa de vida. Este trabalho é uma revisão integrativa com o objetivo de descrever o acesso dessas pessoas aos cuidados em saúde no Brasil. Buscamos nas plataformas SCIELO, LILACS, BVS e PUBMED os descritores: Sexual and Gender Minorities; Transgender Persons; Transvestism; Health Services Accessibility; Therapeutics; Unified Health System; Health Services for Transgender Persons. Selecionamos 39 artigos com as categorias: acesso ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e direitos sociais, Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana adquirida (HIV) e profilaxia de pré-exposição ao HIV (PreP), percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre transexualidade, estratégias de feminização, nome social e consumo de álcool e drogas. O não uso do nome social no SUS, o consumo inadequado de hormônios e silicone líquido revelam dificuldades de acesso ao SUS. O abuso de álcool e drogas, a prostituição, baixa renda e pouca escolaridade são fatores importantes para uma má qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Há uma alta prevalência de HIV e a supressão da carga viral é baixa nessa população onde uma minoria usa a PreP. A atenção primária à saúde (APS) não tem cumprido seu papel de porta de entrada e coordenadora do cuidado no SUS. O número de cirurgias realizadas no processo transexualizador do SUS é baixo e são necessários investimentos econômicos e de gestão de pessoas para melhorar esse quadro.

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Body, metabolic and renal changes following cross-sex estrogen/progestogen therapy in a rodent model simulating its use by transwomen
Gusmão-Silva
¹
,
Lichtenecker
²
,
Ferreira
³

et al. 2022
J Endocrinol Invest
8
0
3
0
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Prevalence and Correlates of Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Trans Women in São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Transgender Women — National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, Seven Urban Areas, United States, 20192020

Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Transgender Women — National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, Seven Urban Areas, United States, 20192020

Acesso aos cuidados em saúde de travestis e mulheres transexuais no Brasil

Body, metabolic and renal changes following cross-sex estrogen/progestogen therapy in a rodent model simulating its use by transwomen

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