Prevalence and controlling mechanisms of mycotoxin

Gebremeskel, Abrehet F.; Ngoda, Peninah N.; Kamau-Mbuthia, Elizabeth; Mahungu, Symon M.

doi:10.1080/23311932.2019.1658978

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The flour storage duration increased the stunting likelihood in pastoral and agro-pastoral zone but reduced that for underweight in agro-pastoral zone instead. This observation could be due to the occurrence of mycotoxins and aflatoxins in particular [ 48 ] that compromises linear growth in children [ 49 ]. However, the reduced risk of underweight shows that in the short run the flour provides nutrients in the diet despite becoming a risk factor for stunting in the long run.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced odds of underweight and stunting in agro-pastoral zone and increased odds of underweight in agricultural zone among breastfed children suggest existence of appropriate breastfeeding practices in agro-pastoral but not in agricultural zone. Similarly, reduced odds of underweight and stunting with cereal storage in granary and sacks in agro-pastoral zone only could be attributed to the appropriate postharvest handling practices during storage among agro-pastoralist thereby reducing the occurrence of mycotoxins that is associated with underweight and stunting [ 48 , 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparity in prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones of Karamoja sub-region, Uganda: a cross sectional study

et al. 2022

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Background Undernutrition accounts for nearly half of under-five child mortality in developing countries where household nutrition is largely dependent on agriculture. Despite the strong influence of agroecology on agriculture in those countries, limited information exists on whether undernutrition in children under five varies with agro-ecological location. Methods Using Karamoja sub-region of Uganda, one of the most food insecure parts of Eastern Africa as a case area, and applying a multi-stage sampling procedure, and a structured questionnaire, this study examined in a comparative manner, the prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among the agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones. Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to establish the disparity in prevalence of undernutrition and household contextual characteristics, respectively. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of undernutrition in children under five among the three agro-ecological zones. The level of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting ranged from 36 to 58% but varied with agroecology in terms of the peak age ranging from 6 to 37 months. Child characteristics, feeding practices, household economic factors, sanitation factors, and caregiver characteristics that predict undernutrition among children under five were identified (p ≤ 0.05). Caregiver handwashing after using latrine (p = 0.005) and diarrhoea in a fortnight (p < 0.001) increased the likelihood of stunting in pastoral agroecology only whereas cereal storage in both sacks and granary in agro-pastoral zone was associated with reduced likelihood of both underweight (p < 0.001 and p = 0.014) and stunting (p = 0.011 and p = 0.018), respectively. A male child was more likely to be underweight and stunted in pastoral (p = 0.002 and p = 0.011) and agro-pastoral (p = 0.017 and p = 0.002) agroecology, respectively. Household expenses reduced the likelihood of both underweight and wasting in pastoral (p = 0.013 and p = 0.005) and agricultural (p = 0.011 and p = 0.021) agroecology, respectively. Flour storage duration increased the stunting likelihood in pastoral (p = 0.032) and agro-pastoral (p = 0.006) agroecologies. Conclusion This study has revealed that, in a food insecure developing country setting such as Karamoja sub-region of Uganda, undernutrition among children under five varies with agroecology. Thus, nutritional interventions in such locations should be agroecology specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparity in prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones of Karamoja sub-region, Uganda: a cross sectional study

et al. 2022

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“…12 Rumors are unverified stories circulating from person to person, and their accuracy is uncertain. 13 Fake news intentionally manipulates information to mislead readers. 14 Disinformation, on the other hand, refers to deliberately phony information that is spread to harm others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing the characteristics of mis/disinformation propagation over the Internet

Huang

Geng

Liu

2023

Disruptive Technologies in Information Sciences VII

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With the explosive growth of amount of information exchanged over the Internet, we have witnessed fast propagation of mis/disinformation. Such trend of mis/disinformation must be detected early and curbed effectively in order to mitigate its potential harm to the nation and society. Our previous work successfully identified distinctive patterns of the propagation of true and fake news in the form of text over social media, with Twitter as a case study. In this work, our goal is to extend the target to include multimedia mis/disinformation and study the characteristics of their dissemination using machine learning based techniques. We also aim to investigate countermeasures that can be employed to slow down or prevent further propagation based on the identified characteristics.

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“…Mycotoxin-producing fungi can affect crops during both the pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. The main environmental factors influencing fungal growth and the accumulation of mycotoxins in food commodities are temperature and water activity (a w ) (Gebremeskel et al, 2019;Mannaa & Kim, 2017). The a w describes the unbound water that is available in food for microbial growth (Bellí et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on the effect of temperature and water activity on Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus carbonarius isolates growth and mycotoxin production on a chili powder medium

Chuaysrinule

Mahakarnchanakul

Maneeboon

2020

Cogent Food & Agriculture

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This study was aimed at determining the effect of temperature and water activity (a w ) on the radial growth of Aspergillus flavus and A. carbonarius isolated from dried chili and their production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), respectively. The isolates were grown on a synthetic chili-based medium, and growth and mycotoxin production were studied following a central composite design. The diameter of each colony was measured, and mycotoxins were extracted from the medium after 7 days of incubation at each different combination of temperature and a w . The analysis of variance results showed that temperature, a w , and their interaction had significant effects on growth and mycotoxin production. Response surface analysis showed that both strains were able to grow within a wide range of temperatures (22.93-37.07°C) and a w values (0.885-0.984), but production of AFB1 and OTA was not detected at 37.

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Prevalence and controlling mechanisms of mycotoxin

Cited by 9 publications

References 98 publications

Disparity in prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones of Karamoja sub-region, Uganda: a cross sectional study

Disparity in prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones of Karamoja sub-region, Uganda: a cross sectional study

Capturing the characteristics of mis/disinformation propagation over the Internet

Comparative study on the effect of temperature and water activity on Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus carbonarius isolates growth and mycotoxin production on a chili powder medium

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