PREVALENCE AND CONTROL OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN AKURE METROPOLIS USING THE EXTRACT FROM Periplaneta americana

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common microbial infections of human. It occurs in all ages and gender. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and control of UTIs in Akure metropolis using the extract from P. americana (American cockroach). In this study, 128 urine samples were collected from in-patients at Ondo State University of Medical Science Teaching Hospital Complex Akure and were analyzed for the presence of uropathogens. Isolates were identified using biochemical characteristics. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using disc diffusion method. A total of 120 American cockroaches were dissected into head, thorax and abdomen and extracts were prepared from the three different parts. Extracts were tested against bacterial isolates in-vitro using agar well diffusion method. The isolates include Escherichia coli (44.79%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.87%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.63%), Proteus miriabilis (9.38%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.25%), and Streptococcus pyogens. (2.08%). Females between the ages of 20-39 years showed the highest frequency of occurrence of the disease. Only extracts from the head of P. americana showed activities against some typed and clinical isolates. The highest and the least zone of inhibition was observed in E. coli (ATCC 29822) (17.67±0.10mm) and S. aureus (NCTC 6571) (12.58±0.88mm) respectively. This research revealed that extracts from the head of P. americana possess antimicrobial efficacy against some pathogenic bacteria implicated in UTIs.