Prevalence and Comparison of Genetic Profiles of Campylobacter Strains Isolated from Poultry and Sporadic Cases of Campylobacteriosis in Humans

Abstract

Between July 1998 and June 1999, 93 lots of broiler chickens distributed on 57 farms were sampled in two abattoirs of the province of Quebec (Canada). A total of 2,325 samples of cecal material were analyzed to determine the prevalence of campylobacters. Biotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were done on 20% of the Campylobacter isolates to study the distribution within poultry production. Macrorestriction profiles were compared with profiles of 24 Campylobacter strains isolated from sporadic cases of human diarrheic patients in order to evaluate genetic relationships. Approximately 40% of the broiler chickens in 60% of the lots and 67% of the farms were colonized. Biotypes I and II of Campylobacter jejuni were the most prevalent biotypes in poultry and human isolates. The PFGE dendograms revealed a high genetic diversity among poultry isolates, with 49 different genotypes from the 56 positive lots. More than 75% of these lots were colonized by a unique genotype. All positive lots raised simultaneously on the same farm had common genotype(s). Different genotypes were isolated from lots raised at different grow-out periods on a farm. In some cases, identical genotypes were found at different grow-out periods on a farm and also from different farms. Macrorestriction profiles showed that approximately 20% of human Campylobacter isolates were genetically related to genotypes found in poultry. This genetic relationship and the high prevalence of C. jejuni biotypes I and II in poultry indicated that Campylobacter in broiler production of the province of Quebec could be a potential source of hazard for public health.

Prevalence of most common human pathogenicCampylobacterspp. in dogs and cats in Styria, Austria

“…1997; Nadeau et al . 2002; Vellinga & van Loock 2002) and 52–80% overall to sources which originate from the poultry sector (Mullner et al . 2009; Anonymous, 2010; van Gerve 2012).…”

Campylobacter spp. infection in humans and poultry

“…Numerous epidemiological studies have been conducted to identify potential sources for human campylobacteriosis. Most cases of outbreaks in the literature were associated with handling raw poultry, eating raw or undercooked poultry meat or cross-contamination of raw to cooked foods (Tauxe et al, 1997;Studahl and Andersson, 2000;Corry and Atabay, 2001;Nadeau et al, 2002;Kapperud et al, 2003;Neimann et al, 2003;Nielsen et al, 2006;Stafford et al, 2007;Doorduyn et al, 2010;EFSA, 2014). The consumption of chicken and chicken by-products has been increased due to their low price, special taste, and the short greater than the frequency of salmonellosis (HCDCP, 2013).…”

Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from healthy cattle and sheep

“…As thermophilic campylobacters are unable to grow in the environment, their reservoirs are the intestines of warm-blooded mammals and birds (Park et al, 1991). The most important route of human Campylobacter infection is considered to be the consumption of contaminated poultry and poultry products (Nadeau et al, 2002). However, the existence of Campylobacter species is well documented among many other animal species, including cattle and sheep (Stanley & Jones, 2003).…”