Prevalence and clonal diversity of Campylobacter jejuni from dairy farms and urban sources

Adhikari, Bijay; Connolly, Joanne; Madié, P.; Davies, PR

doi:10.1080/00480169.2004.36455

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Possible vehicles for strain dissemination may include insects, other animals, groundwater, or human traffic (6,15,30,31). Clonal groups were also identified among multidrug-resistant C. coli isolates from turkeys in this region (9,22), as well as among C. coli and C. jejuni isolates from cattle and other meat animals (2,5,11,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina

Siletzky

Wright

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis, and recent findings suggest that turkeys are an important reservoir for this organism. In this study, 80 C. jejuni isolates from eastern North Carolina were characterized for resistance to nine antimicrobials, and strain types were determined by fla typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with SmaI and KpnI, and (for 41 isolates) multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE analysis suggested that many of the isolates (37/40 [ca. 93%]) in a major genomic cluster had DNA that was partially methylated at SmaI sites. Furthermore, 12/40 (30%) of the isolates in this cluster were completely resistant to digestion by KpnI, suggesting methylation at KpnI sites. MLST of 41 isolates identified 10 sequence types (STs), of which 4 were new. Three STs (ST-1839, ST-2132 and the new ST-2934) were predominant and were detected among isolates from different farms. The majority of the isolates (74%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobials, and resistance to ciprofloxacin was common (64%), whereas resistance to the other drug of choice for treatment of human campylobacteriosis, erythromycin, was never encountered. Most (33/34) of the kanamycin-resistant isolates were also resistant to tetracycline; however, only ca. 50% of the tetracycline-resistant isolates were also kanamycin resistant. Isolates with certain antimicrobial resistance profiles had identical or closely related strain types. Overall, the findings suggest dissemination of certain clonal groups of C. jejuni isolates in the turkey production industry of this region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina

Siletzky

Wright

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…We found that while the pads were in use Campylobacter were also recovered from drainage but in lower numbers than E. coli. in contrast to E. coli that is shed by all the animals in a herd, Campylobacter will be shed by only those cows that are infected at any one time; reported to be about 50% by Adhikari et al (2004) and found to range from about 40-70% (AgResearch unpubl. results).…”

Section: Faecal Bacteria In Stand-off Pads and Drainagementioning

confidence: 99%

Sawdust and bark to treat nitrogen and faecal bacteria in winter stand‐off pads on a dairy farm

Luo¹,

Donnison

Ross

et al. 2008

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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New Zealand farmers are increasingly using improved management systems including moving animals out of paddocks to protect wet soils from damage during winter. The cows can be held for up to 20 h a day on specially constructed unroofed outdoor stand-off pads. Afield study was undertaken to investigate excreta nitrogen (N) transformations, N and faecal bacterial transport to drainage, and denitrification N losses when Pinus radiata bark or sawdust were used as filling materials in stand-off pads. About 3 months after use only 4.0% of the N that was deposited on the bark or sawdust pad by cows had been transported to the drainage. Sim ilarly, after the 3 months of use only 9.8% of the Escherichia coli bacteria that were deposited on the bark pad had been transported to the drainage and with even less, 0.3%, leached from the sawdust pad. The sawdust pad tended to retain more Campylobacter than the bark pad. About 6 months after use, gaseous N losses due to denitrification from the sawdust or bark pad accounted for about 4.5 and 1.7% of the deposited excreta N, respectively. Denitrification activity was limited by the available nitrate in the pad materials, and decreased after cows were moved out of the pads.

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“…Most cases of campylobacteriosis are sporadic, and, unusually for an enteric pathogen, there is apparently limited person-to-person transfer. Transfer among animal species appears to occur readily as recovery of Campylobacter jejuni with a very similar genetic composition (indicated by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern) was reported from the faeces of cows, sparrows, rodents and from flies on a dairy farm in the Manawatu (Adhikari et al 2004). Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential behaviour of Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. in a stream draining dairy pasture

Stott

Davies‐Colley

Nagels

et al. 2011

Journal of Water and Health

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The faecal indicator bacterium Escherichia coli and thermotolerant Campylobacter spp., which are potentially pathogenic, were investigated in the Toenepi Stream draining a pastoral catchment dominated by dairying. Bacteria concentrations were monitored routinely at fortnightly intervals over 12 months and intensively during storm events to compare the transport dynamics of bacterial indicator and pathogen under varying hydro-meteorological conditions. Routine monitoring indicated median concentrations of 345 E. coli MPN 100 ml À1 and relatively low concentrations of 2.3 Campylobacter MPN 100 ml À1 . The bacterial flux was three orders of magnitude greater under elevated stream flow compared with base-flow. E. coli peak concentrations occurred very close to the turbidity peak and consistently ahead of the Campylobacter spp. peak (which was close to the hydrograph peak). We postulate that, under flood conditions, the E. coli peak reflects the entrainment and mobilisation of in-stream stores on the flood wave front. In contrast, Campylobacter spp. are derived from wash-in from land stores upstream and have travelled at the mean water velocity which is slower than the speed of the flood wave. Our findings of different dynamics for E. coli and Campylobacter spp. suggest that mitigation to reduce faecal microbial impacts from farms will need to take account of these differences.

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Prevalence and clonal diversity of Campylobacter jejuni from dairy farms and urban sources

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina

Sawdust and bark to treat nitrogen and faecal bacteria in winter stand‐off pads on a dairy farm

Differential behaviour of Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. in a stream draining dairy pasture

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