Prevalence and Characteristics of Orthorectic Disorders in Adolescence and Young People: Polish Preliminary Studies

Kaźmierczak-Wojtaś, Natalia; Patryn, Rafał; Zagaja, Anna; Drozd, Mariola; Niedzielski, Antoni

doi:10.3390/nu13051568

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The available literature points to a relatively higher prevalence of ON among students of health-related fields (e.g., nutrition, medicine, and nursing [ 3 , 19 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]) or among representatives of medical professions (mostly dieticians and doctors [ 5 , 11 , 19 , 56 , 57 ]). Several studies note that due to the profile of their education, such students possess a greater knowledge relating to health, nutrition-related disorders, the rules of healthy dieting, and the consequences of not following these rules, which may be a potential risk factor of ON.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet Quality and Level of Nutrition Knowledge among Young People with Orthorexic Tendencies

Kaźmierczak-Wojtaś

Drozd

2022

Nutrients

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The aim of the study was to determine the level of nutrition knowledge and diet quality, understood in terms of healthy and unhealthy eating habits, among young people with orthorexic tendencies. The participants were school students, university students, and those employed in the Lublin region (N = 473). The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The participants were asked to provide socio-demographic data through filling in the ORTO-15 questionnaire and the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN). The participants obtained results ranging from 9.3 to 100 (M = 31.15; SD = 11.81) in the non-healthy diet index, from 0.4 to 78.6 in the pro-healthy diet index (M = 21.79; SD = 11.08), and from 0 to 23 in the domain of nutrition knowledge (M = 13; SD = 4.23). A variance analysis showed no significant differences between the pro-healthy diet index and the level of nutrition knowledge. The group with orthorexia obtained statistically higher results in the pro-healthy diet index. Those with a tendency toward orthorexia obtained statistically higher results in the non-healthy diet index. The variance analysis showed that the level of nutrition knowledge of those not focused on healthy foods was significantly lower than in the other groups. The results of the ORTO-15 questionnaire correlated negatively with the pro-healthy diet index and the level of nutrition knowledge, and positively with the non-healthy diet index. We concluded that: 1. the orthorexic group and the group with a tendency toward orthorexia could be characterized with a moderate intensity of a healthy diet and a low intensity of a non-healthy diet; and 2. the level of nutrition knowledge in the orthorexic group did not significantly differ from that of the other groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This criterion was determined on the basis of the Polish validation of the ORTO-15 questionnaire [ 42 ]. We identified four ranges for the results: 6–7 points - orthorectic behavior; 8–11 points - tendency toward orthorectic behavior; 12–15 points - appropriate eating habits; 16–24 points - low food interest [ 43 ]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Quality and Level of Nutrition Knowledge among Young People with Orthorexic Tendencies

Kaźmierczak-Wojtaś

Drozd

2022

Nutrients

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Orthorexia nervosa risk and associated factors among Chilean nutrition students: a pilot study

et al. 2022

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Background Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an excessive, obsessive concern with healthy eating generating psychological complications and even malnutrition at a caloric and protein level. Current evidence suggests that people with greater food knowledge are the most likely to be affected, placing nutrition students as a populational risk group. Since there are no nationwide studies dealing with orthorexia nervosa in this risk group, the present pilot study intends to identify risk factors for orthorexia nervosa in a sample of Nutrition and Dietetics students in Chile. Method A descriptive cross-sectional pilot study was done on 90 Nutrition and Dietetics students from a Chilean university, representing 70% of its population. The ORTHO-11-ES instrument was applied to determine ON risk, along with consulting about attitudinal, physical-clinical and social variables. Statistical tests were performed in GraphPad PRISM 8.0®, applying probability ratios and personal correlation, between the sociodemographic variables and the risk of orthorexia nervosa. This study was approved by the university Ethics Committee based on the Helsinki Declaration. Results 23.3% of the studied population was at risk of suffering ON. Associated variables were being in the second year of their major (OR 2.22), coming from a charter school (OR 3.00) and cohabitation being limited to ≤ 1 person (OR 2.47). Particularly, declared physical activity limits are associated to the risk of suffering ON (Sedentary OR 2.42, Heavy OR 3.53), as well as time spent on the social network Instagram (< 1 h OR 2.77, > 3 h OR 1.80). Conclusions There is an ON risk prevalence of 23.3% in the present pilot sample under study, indicating that years of study, cohabitation, secondary educational establishment, physical activity and Instagram use constitute associated factors for the studied condition. Some results vary from international evidence, describing a dual nature in the variables for Instagram time and declared physical activity for ON risk. This study needs replication in more representative samples and longitudinal character with control groups which can confirm the studied elements as ON risk factors. Plain English summary Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an expression created to indicate a possible new eating disorder characterized by excessive and obsessive preoccupation with healthy eating. Some of its most distinctive traits include marked anxiety over food, exaggerated fear over the appearance of some diseases and shame about physical appearance. This ultimately impacts food choice, planning, acquisition, preparation and consumption, creating psychological complications along with some associated with malnutrition. Considering that Nutrition students are an at-risk group, the present pilot study evaluated its prevalence and associated factors in a specific sample in Chile. Conditions associated with the risk of orthorexia nervosa identified in the present study include: number of hours spent using Instagram, limited cohabitation, extreme physical activity, and number of years in the major. These results should be taken cautiously, with their association confirmed in follow-up studies.

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Measuring Pathological and Nonpathological Orthorexic Behavior: Validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) among Polish Adults

Styk,

Gortat,

Samardakiewicz-Kirol

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Measuring orthorexia nervosa is challenging due to the use of various existing tools and problems with sample representativeness. Another challenge for the Polish population is the adaptation of existing research tools and the evaluation of their relevance and research reliability. Our research aimed to adapt the TOS to the Polish language and measure pathological and nonpathological orthorexic behavior among the Polish population. The adaptation of the PL-TOS has high psychometric value and allows us to assess healthy and nervous orthorexia levels. This scale can be used not only for further research but also for diagnostic purposes in the daily work of clinicians and psychologists. Our results obtained in the present study indicate a correlation between TOS and both the use of supplements and diet. Higher TOS, ORTO_R and KZZJ_Diet Restrictions scores were obtained for individuals using dietary supplements than for those not using dietary supplements. In the future, it is worth conducting research aimed at various risk groups of individuals with orthorexia to confirm the psychometric properties of this adaptation of the TOS.

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Prevalence and Characteristics of Orthorectic Disorders in Adolescence and Young People: Polish Preliminary Studies

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Diet Quality and Level of Nutrition Knowledge among Young People with Orthorexic Tendencies

Diet Quality and Level of Nutrition Knowledge among Young People with Orthorexic Tendencies

Orthorexia nervosa risk and associated factors among Chilean nutrition students: a pilot study

Measuring Pathological and Nonpathological Orthorexic Behavior: Validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) among Polish Adults

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