Prevalence and characteristics of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections in Tuscany

Background The study assessed the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection paradigm among the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Also, the immunological and virological characterisation of these viruses, prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation was investigated. Method A total of 400 HIV infected (HIV type-1) treatment naïve subjects ≥18 years were enrolled and tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV. Hepatitis B virus serological profile was performed on samples that were HBV positive. CD4+ T-cell count and HIV-1 RNA viral loads were determined using BD FacsCalibur analyzer (USA) and COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan Analyzer (USA) respectively. Results The overall prevalence of HBV/HCV co-infection among the HIV-1 patients was 18.0%. The prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV co-infections were 12.5% and 5.5% respectively. The prevalence of active viral hepatitis (HBeAg-positive) among HIV-HBV co-infected patients was 40%. None of the patients had anti-HBc IgM. HIV-HBV co-infection was associated with lower CD4+ T-cell count as well as higher HIV-1 viral load compared to both HIV mono- infection and HIV-HCV co- infection ( p <0.05) respectively. HBeAg positivity was associated with severe immunosuppression and higher HIV viral load. Patients aged 18–33 years [aOR = 9.66(1.17–79.61); p = 0.035], male gender [aOR = 2.74(1.15–6.51); p = 0.023], primary education [aOR = 9.60(1.21–76.08); p = 0.032], secondary education [aOR = 14.67(1.82–118.08); p = 0.012] and being single [aOR = 2.88(1.12–7.39); p = 0.028] were independent risk factors of HIV-HBV co-infections but not HIV-HCV co-infections. Conclusion The present study highlights the predominance of HBV exposure among the HIV infected patients in Ghana. HBV coinfection was associated with severe immunosuppression and higher HIV-1 viral load.

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“…Consistent with many studies within Africa none of our study patients tested positive for anti-HBc IgM [15, 23, 24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral co-infections among HIV-1 infected ART-naïve individuals in Kumasi, Ghana

et al. 2019

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“…Such as in New York City, the prevalence of HIV and HCV co‐infection is 25.0%, that of HIV and HBV co‐infection is 4.5%, and that of triple infection (HIV, HBV, and HCV) is 1.6% . However in Tuscany 87.7% was HIV alone, 7.8% was HIV/HCV co‐infection, 4.1% was HIV/HBV, and 0.33% was HIV/HCV/HBV triple infection . And their prevalence has endemic nature and geographic differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of syphilis, HBV, and HCV co‐infection, and low rate of effective vaccination against hepatitis B in HIV‐infected patients in West China hospital

Yang

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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To investigate the epidemiological features and risk factors of HBV, HCV, and syphilis infection among HIV‐infected patients in West China Hospital. A retrospective study was conducted with HIV‐infected patients from 2014 to 2016 in West China hospital, SCU. Serum makers for HBV, HCV, and syphilis were detected. Among 894 HIV‐infected patients, the prevalence of HIV/HBV, HIV/HCV, HIV/syphilis co‐infections was 14.4%, 5.7%, and 18.9% respectively. HIV/HBV/HCV, HIV/HCV/syphilis, and HIV/HBV/syphilis triple co‐infection was 7 (0.7%), 12(1.3%), 29(3.2%) respectively. The rate of effective vaccination against HBV was only 7.7% in HIV‐infected patients. Age (OR = 0.243 95% CI: 0.114 −0.518), ethnicity (OR = 3.654 95% CI: 1.849‐7.218) and education level (OR = 0.140 95% CI: 0.033‐0.606) are risk factors affecting HIV/HCV co‐infection. A high prevalence of HIV/syphilis, HIV/HBV, and HIV/ HCV co‐infection can be observed in west China. The rate for HIV‐infected patients who were effectively vaccinated against HBV was fewer than 10%.

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“…The risk of chronic hepatitis B is higher in co-infected HIV patients. HIV/HBV co-infected patients showed worse clinical and immunological features [8]. The majority of the participants in the current study were women (53.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Hepatitis B Co - Infection in HIV AIDS Patients in Woldia, Ethiopia

Abatenh

Asmamaw

Hiluf

et al. 2018

BJSTR

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Hepatitis B is one of liver infection resulting from the presence of viral agents. HIV infected individuals are more susceptible to hepatitis B viral infection as their disease progresses into AIDS. Now a day, Hepatitis B is present in HIV infected patients. The aim of this study was to investigate medical information and to get their perception regarding co-infection as well as to assess associated risk factors for Hepatitis B abnormalities among HIV positive patients in Woldia General Hospital, Ethiopia. The questionnaire form was filled up appropriately. They are also forward relevant characteristics. HIV-AIDS patients co-infected with Hepatitis B was studied. A total of 30 patients were included here. Different social groups were participated during in the time of the study. From the total study population, 46.7% ( 14) are males and 53.3% ( 16) are females. They have a variety of personal characteristics. Most of the 53% were illiterate and 43.33% survive in agricultural practice. The major associated risk factors facilitate for co-infection were unprotected sexual habit, screening with a variety of pathogens, sharing unsterilized personal types of equipment and illegal drug use. The basic point of reason had both weak immune system and low CD4 cell count was commented from respondents. To solve the problem first, free from unsecured sexual intercourse who had already Hepatitis B. Second, sterilizing equipment's. Lastly, avoiding illegal drug usage. In overall patients should have to get a vaccine. Finally, they had a good common understanding of medical aspects.

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Prevalence and characteristics of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections in Tuscany

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral co-infections among HIV-1 infected ART-naïve individuals in Kumasi, Ghana

Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral co-infections among HIV-1 infected ART-naïve individuals in Kumasi, Ghana

High prevalence of syphilis, HBV, and HCV co‐infection, and low rate of effective vaccination against hepatitis B in HIV‐infected patients in West China hospital

Hepatitis B Co - Infection in HIV AIDS Patients in Woldia, Ethiopia

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