Prevalence and characteristics of fever in adult and paediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 17515 patients

Islam, Asiful; Kundu, Shoumik; Alam, Sayeda Sadia; Hossan, Tareq; Kamal, Mohammad Amjad; Hassan, Rosline

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249788

Cited by 83 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…First, the included studies did not encompass all the states of the country, so the estimated prevalence might not fully represent the magnitude of drug-resistant TB in Sudan. Second, substantial heterogeneity was observed in the included studies, although this observation is common in meta-analyses on estimating prevalence [ 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Third, all of the included studies were hospital-based studies and none were community-based studies, making the results more susceptible to potential selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is still one of the most critical issues impeding worldwide TB control efforts. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to give an updated picture of the prevalence of DR-TB in Sudan. A comprehensive systematic search was performed on four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) to identify all published studies reporting prevalence data of DR-TB in Sudan. Sixteen eligible studies published during 2002–2020 were included. Using meta-analysis of proportions, the pooled prevalence of TB cases with resistance to any anti-TB drugs was 47.0% (95% CI: 35.5–58.6%). The overall prevalence of mono, multi, poly and extensive drug resistance were estimated to be 16.2% (95% CI: 9.0–23.4%), 22.8% (95% CI: 16.0–29.7%), 6.8% (95% CI: 0.5–13.0%) and 0.7% (95% CI: 0–2.1%), respectively. Considering any first-line anti-TB drugs, the resistance prevalence was highest for isoniazid (32.3%) and streptomycin (31.7%), followed by rifampicin (29.2%). In contrast, resistance against second-line drugs was reported for only two antibiotics, namely, ofloxacin (2.1%) and kanamycin (0.7%). Of note, the resistance profile of the previously treated patients was found to be remarkably high compared with the newly diagnosed TB patients. The relatively high prevalence estimation of anti-TB drug resistance warrants strengthening TB control and treatment strategies in Sudan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), characterised mainly by fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, joint and muscle pain and loss of smell and taste [1][2][3][4][5]. It was first identified in Hubei province in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and until now, it continues to be a significant health issue worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Test Kits for Detecting SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17,171 Suspected COVID-19 Patients

Khandker¹,

Hashim

Deris

et al. 2021

JCM

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Early diagnosis is still as crucial as the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. As RT-PCR sometimes is not feasible in developing nations or rural areas, health professionals may use a rapid antigen test (RAT) to lessen the load of diagnosis. However, the efficacy of RAT is yet to be investigated thoroughly. Hence, we tried to evaluate the overall performance of RAT in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Based on our PROSPERO registered protocol (CRD42021231432), we searched online databases (i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) and analysed overall pooled specificity and sensitivity of RAT along with study quality, publication bias, heterogeneity and more. The overall pooled specificity and sensitivity of RAT were detected as 99.4% (95% CI: 99.1–99.8; I2 = 90%) and 68.4% (95% CI: 60.8–75.9; I2 = 98%), respectively. In subgroup analyses, nasopharyngeal specimens and symptomatic patient’s samples were more sensitive in RAT, while cycle threshold (Ct) values were found to have an inverse relationship with sensitivity. In the European and American populations, RAT showed better performance. Although the sensitivity of RAT is yet to be improved, it could still be an alternative in places with poor laboratory set up. Nevertheless, the negative samples of RAT can be re-tested using RT-PCR to reduce false negative results.

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“… 1 The most common clinical manifestation in moderate patients is fever, 2 which is a hallmark of infection and inflammatory disease, and is commonly caused by the secretion of inflammatory mediators. The prevalence of fever was estimated to be 79.43% in symptomatic adult COVID-19 patients, 3 which is less common than SARS (99–100%), 4 but similar to middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) (77%, meta-analysis result). 5 Moreover, several studies showed that the presence of fever was a predictor of adverse outcomes including intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and in-hospital mortality, and every 0.5°C increase in body temperature had a significant increase in mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Correlates with Abnormal Immune Response in Moderate COVID-19 Patients with Fever

Zhou¹,

Shi²,

Fu³

et al. 2021

JIR

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Background Most COVID-19 patients are moderate, and fever is the most common clinical manifestation and associated with poorer prognosis. Gut microbiota may also play important roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. However, the association between gut microbiota and fever in individuals with moderate COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods We compared the clinical features and laboratory results of 187 moderate COVID-19 patients with fever and without fever and identified several inflammatory markers in patients with fever. Then, we performed gut metagenome-wide association study for 31 individuals to identify the microbes and their epitopes which have potential role in fever and hyperinflammation. Results Among 187 moderate COVID-19 patients, 127 (67.9%) patients presented with fever. Lymphocytes, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+ T cells to CD8+ T cells were significantly reduced, while AST, LDH, CRP, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated in patients with fever. Gut microbiome composition was significantly altered in patients with fever compared with those with non-fever. Opportunistic pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were enriched in patients with fever. E. faecalis was positively correlated with LDH and D-dimer and negatively correlated with CD8+T cells and IL-4, while S. cerevisiae was positively correlated with diarrhea symptom. Furthermore, several species with anti-inflammatory and protective effects, such as Bacteroides fragilis and Eubacterium ramulus , were enriched in patients with non-fever. B. fragilis was positively correlated with lymphocytes, and E. ramulus was negatively correlated with LDH, AST and IL-6. Finally, we found that several bacterial epitopes of GroEL, a homolog of human HSP60, were enriched in patients with fever and positively correlated with IL-6, IL-10, WBC, neutrophils, D-dimer, LDH, CRP, and E. faecalis . Conclusion Gut microbiota dysbiosis correlates with abnormal immune response in moderate COVID-19 patients with fever.

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Prevalence and characteristics of fever in adult and paediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 17515 patients

Cited by 83 publications

References 46 publications

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Test Kits for Detecting SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17,171 Suspected COVID-19 Patients

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Correlates with Abnormal Immune Response in Moderate COVID-19 Patients with Fever

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