Prevalence and associated factors of cancer-related fatigue among adult patients with cancer attending oncology units: an institution-based cross-sectional study design in the Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2022

Abstract

IntroductionCancer-related fatigue (CRF) continues to be a common problem among most patients with cancer. It is a subjective feeling of tiredness, weakness or lack of energy. CRF has a significant impact on social interactions, everyday activities and the general quality of life of patients with cancer worldwide. However, little is known about CRF in Ethiopia as well as in the current study area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of CRF among adult patients attending oncology units at the comprehensive specialised hospitals in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with cancer undergoing treatment. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and participants’ medical charts were used to collect the data. The questionnaire consisted of eight subsections, including sociodemographic characteristics, behavioural characteristics, Brief Fatigue Inventory, Performance Status Scale, Oslo Social Support Status, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and clinical and medical factors. The data were entered into EpiData V.4.6 and exported into SPSS V.26 for analysis. The participants’ characteristics were compiled using descriptive statics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify associations between dependent and independent variables. Variables with a value of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultA total of 326 randomly selected patients with cancer, undergoing treatment, participated in this study; the response rate was 94%. The prevalence of CRF was found to be 63.93% (95% CI 58.5% to 69.25%). Depression (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.975, 95% CI 1.009 to 3.865), poor sleep quality (AOR 3.309, 95% CI 1.057 to 10.345), poor performance status (AOR 1.983, 95% CI 1.176 to 4.70), cancer stage (AOR 3.242, 95% CI 1.016 to 10.342) and admitted patients with cancer (AOR 2.047, 95% CI 1.122 to 3.734) were associated with CRF.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of CRF was found to be high. Stage of cancer, poor sleep quality, poor performance status, depression and hospital admission were significant factors. The results show that healthcare providers should focus on risk factors as well as CRF through early screening and management.