Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cervical Cancer Screening among Somali Women in an Urban Settlement in Kenya

Abdikarim, Issa Kadija; Atieno, Wagoro Miriam Carole; Habtu, Michael

doi:10.4172/2471-9846.1000159

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Most women in South Africa demonstrated a low uptake of cervical cancer screening, as utilization of Pap smear testing among women of reproductive age in the study area was 35.5%. Despite that, when compared to previous studies conducted in countries within East Africa (Uganda -20.6%; Kenya -12.3%), West Africa (Nigeria -13.5%; Benin -0.6%) and Southern Africa (Namibia -23.6%; Zimbabwe -17.0%), there is still a high coverage of Pap smear testing among women of reproductive age in South Africa [73][74][75][76][77]. As implied in the literature, cervical cancer screening is associated with an increase in demographic factors that will influence the utilization of the services [33,60].…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Determinants and levels of cervical Cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in South Africa: evidence from South Africa Demographic and health survey data, 2016

et al. 2021

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Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the cancer with the most incidents and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in South Africa. CC screening is one of the most cost-effective control approaches for the disease burden. This study assessed the determinants and individual-level indicators of cervical cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in South Africa. Methods We analyzed data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic Health Survey. Our analysis focused on 5903 women (15–49 years). We conducted Chi-square test for bivariate analysis, and multivariate binary logistics regression was used to analyze independent association between individual-level factors and women who have had Pap smear testing. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean age at cervical cancer screening uptake among women in South Africa was 40.8 years (SD 18.6, range 15–95 years). A majority of the women (39.3%) were aged 45 years and above and 54.6% of them resides in urban settlements. About 35.4% of women (n = 2098) have had a Pap smear test, with 66.5% of them who had a Pap smear test resides in Western Cape province. The proportion of women who had a Pap smear test was significantly higher among those with higher educational attainment (68.7%, p = 0.000), in the rich wealth index (50.1%, p = 0.000), and those with health insurance cover (60.3%, p = 0.000). Pap smear testing was found to be more prevalent among women aged 45+ years, were in the white population group, had higher education, were divorced, and had health insurance cover. The predominance of Pap smear test was 14% higher among women who are working in the professional/formal sector (AOR; 1.38, 95% CI; 1.14–1.69). The uptake of Pap smear test was also higher among women aged 35–44 years. Conclusions The prevalence of cervical cancer uptake is substantially low among women aged 15–24 years in South Africa and shows a degree of between-provinces differences. Therefore, heath educational interventions aimed at increasing the uptake of cervical cancer screening services in South Africa are critically needed.

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Section: Conclusion and Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Determinants and levels of cervical Cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in South Africa: evidence from South Africa Demographic and health survey data, 2016

et al. 2021

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“…This high percentage of an advanced stage in our setting may be due to an insu ciency in awareness of early screening methods among Kenyan women. Despite achieving at least a secondary school certi cate (49.5%), the perception of high susceptibility and preponderance of cervical cancer is lacklustre (14). Therefore, this would effectuate the incapability to perceive and detect some of the early symptoms that may lead to an early diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life among cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital

Ahamed

Degu

2022

J Oncol Pharm Pract

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Background Previous study showed that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was adversely affected during treatment of cervical cancer, with a worsening global score. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the HRQoL of cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed among cervical cancer patients. All eligible consecutive samples of 103 cervical cancer patients were included in the study. Following consent, patients were interviewed using The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire 30 (EORTC QLQ-30) and Cervical Cancer Module CX24 (EORTC QLQ-CX24). The data were entered and analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the predictors of HRQoL. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The majority (69%) of the patients had a poor overall quality of life while 31% of study participants had a good quality of life. Patients with early-stage disease were 7.3 times (AOR = 7.3, 95% CI = 2.4–21.7, p = 0.000) more likely to have a good HRQoL than patients with advanced-stage disease. Patients with no comorbidities were 3.1 times (COR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1–9.1, p = 0.037) more likely to have a good HRQoL than patients with comorbidities. Conclusion The overall HRQoL among cervical cancer patients was poor in the setting. Advanced stage of disease and presence of comorbidities were the significant predictors of poor quality of life.

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“…Although the World Health Organization has recommended simplified and lower-cost screening strategies for LMICs, many countries such as Kenya still face a range of challenges in implementing and scaling cervical cancer prevention programs. These challenges include low numbers of trained health care providers, lack of physical and financial resources, complicated screening logistics, low community awareness of disease risk and screening opportunities, and personal health beliefs [ 6 , 7 ]. According to Kenya’s 2014 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), only 14% of women surveyed had ever been screened for cervical cancer; however, the country experiences the highest cervical cancer incidence rate within the East African region (33.8 per 100,000 women) and one of the highest in the world [ 1 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Phone Ownership and Use Among Women Screening for Cervical Cancer in a Community-Based Setting in Western Kenya: Observational Study

Stocks¹,

Ibrahim²,

Park³

et al. 2022

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Mobile phone ownership among women of reproductive age in western Kenya is not well described, and our understanding of its link with care-seeking behaviors is nascent. Understanding access to and use of mobile phones among this population as well as willingness to participate in mobile health interventions are important in improving and more effectively implementing mobile health strategies. Objective This study aims to describe patterns of mobile phone ownership and use among women attending cervical cancer screening and to identify key considerations for the use of SMS text message–guided linkage to treatment strategies and other programmatic implications for cervical cancer screening in Kenya. Methods This analysis was nested within a cluster randomized trial evaluating various strategies for human papillomavirus (HPV)–based cervical cancer screening and prevention in a rural area in western Kenya between February and November 2018. A total of 3299 women were surveyed at the time of screening and treatment. Questionnaires included items detailing demographics, health history, prior care-seeking behaviors, and patterns of mobile phone ownership and use. We used bivariate and multivariable log-binomial regression to analyze associations between independent variables and treatment uptake among women testing positive for high-risk HPV. Results Rates of mobile phone ownership (2351/3299, 71.26%) and reported daily use (2441/3299, 73.99%) were high among women. Most women (1953/3277, 59.59%) were comfortable receiving their screening results via SMS text messages, although the most commonly preferred method of notification was via phone calls. Higher levels of education (risk ratio 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.50), missing work to attend screening (risk ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.10-1.52), and previous cervical cancer screening (risk ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.05-1.55) were significantly associated with a higher risk of attending treatment after testing high-risk HPV–positive, although the rates of overall treatment uptake remained low (278/551, 50.5%) among this population. Those who shared a mobile phone with their partner or spouse were less likely to attend treatment than those who owned a phone (adjusted risk ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.46-1.05). Treatment uptake did not vary significantly according to the type of notification method, which were SMS text message, phone call, or home visit. Conclusions Although the rates of mobile phone ownership and use among women in western Kenya are high, we found that individual preferences for communication of messages about HPV results and treatment varied and that treatment rates were low across the entire cohort, with no difference by modality (SMS text message, phone call, or home visit). Therefore, although text-based results performed as well as phone calls and home visits, our findings highlight the need for more work to tailor communication about HPV results and support women as they navigate the follow-up process.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cervical Cancer Screening among Somali Women in an Urban Settlement in Kenya

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Determinants and levels of cervical Cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in South Africa: evidence from South Africa Demographic and health survey data, 2016

Determinants and levels of cervical Cancer screening uptake among women of reproductive age in South Africa: evidence from South Africa Demographic and health survey data, 2016

Health-related quality of life among cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital

Mobile Phone Ownership and Use Among Women Screening for Cervical Cancer in a Community-Based Setting in Western Kenya: Observational Study

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