Prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in central region, Eritrea: a health facility based survey

Abstract

Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder that occurs within the first 12 months after delivery. It affects 20 to 40% of women living in the low-income countries. In resource limited countries discovering the predictors of PPD is important as it allows close follow-up and targeted screening of at risk mothers. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and predictors of PPD among recently delivered mothers in Central Region of Eritrea. Methods This study used analytical cross-sectional study design to evaluate the magnitude of and factors associated with postpartum depression among 380 randomly selected mothers. The study was conducted in four primary health care facilities of Zoba Maekel (Central Region), Eritrea. A structured closed-ended questionnaire was used to capture the socio-demographic and maternity related information of the study participants. The standard Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition was used to assess depression. The dependent variable for this study was status of the mother with regard to PPD. The socio-demographic and maternity related variables of the mothers, presumed to influence the likelihood of developing postpartum depression, were the independent variables. Results In this study the prevalence of PPD was found to be 7.4%. Mother’s who are housewives were less likely to develop PPD (AOR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.06–0.97; p = 0.046), whereas, mothers with perceived low economic status (AOR = 13.33, 95% CI: 2.66–66.78; p = 0.002), lack of partner support (AOR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.33–25.29; p = 0.019), unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.24–9.28; p = 0.017), maternal illness after delivery (AOR = 7.42, 95% CI: 1.44–34.2; p = 0.016), and reside in Southwest-Asmara (AOR = 6.35, 95% CI: 1.73–23.23; p = 0.05) had statistically significant higher odds of postpartum depression. Conclusions In the current study setting, factors that associated with PPD are grouped in to two domains; the woman’s potential to bear the forthcoming responsibility and the social support they get after delivery. The findings of this study imply the need to introduce an active screening program for PPD the health facilities as part of the postpartum care.

Association Between Dietary Quality and Postpartum Depression in Lactating Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Urban China

“…Lack of husband or partner support was a strong risk factor on postpartum depression (43,44), and we also observed similar results. We did not observe the associations between family monthly per capita income and postpartum depression, inconsistent with previous studies (45,46). One of the possible explanations is that the data were based on an investigation in urban areas, and the surveyed women have a relatively higher economic level.…”

The Effects of Telehealth During Pregnancy on Maternal Knowledge and Postpartum Mental Health in the Covid-19 Pandemic

“…show that a mother between 35-39 years old has a lower risk of developing postpartum depression and mothers between 40-44 years old have a greater risk of postpartum depression 4 . A study from Gebregziabher explained that housewives had 0,24 times less incidence of postpartum depression than working mothers, but mothers with low economic status had a 13 times greater risk of developing postpartum depression than the good one 5 .…”

Effect of Perceived Social Support on Postnatal Depression in Females with Cesarean Section and Normal Vaginal Delivery

“…The findings of a similar study showed that the women who had their husband's support for the child care and women who had contented marital relationship had lower risk of having postnatal depression [16]. Another study confirmed the significant association of social support with postnatal depression and suggested that the lack of home support was a contributory factor towards having postnatal depression among puerperal women [17].Gebregziabher et al found the lack of support from husband as a significant risk factor for developing postpartum depression [18]. The logistic regression analysis done by Ozmen et al measured a significant association of perceived social support from significant other and perceived social support from family with postnatal depression, however, no association was found between perceived social support from friends with postnatal depression [19].…”