Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance ofSalmonellaserovars isolated from poultry in Ghana

Abstract

Poultry are possible sources of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars which may cause foodborne human disease. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of Salmonella serovars in egg-laying hens and broilers at the farm level and their susceptibility to antimicrobials commonly used in the poultry industry in Ghana. Sampling of faeces by a sock method (n = 75), dust (n = 75), feed (n = 10) and drinking water (n = 10) was performed at 75 commercial egg-laying and broiler farms in two regions of Ghana and skin neck (n = 30) at a local slaughterhouse from broilers representing different flocks. Salmonella was detected in 94/200 (47%) samples with an overall flock prevalence of 44·0%. Sixteen different serovars were identified with S. Kentucky (18·1%), S. Nima (12·8%), S. Muenster (10·6%), S. Enteritidis (10·6%) and S. Virchow (9·6 %) the most prevalent types. The predominant phage type of S. Enteritidis was PT1. All strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefoxitin. Fifty-seven (60·6%) strains were resistant to one or more of the remaining nine antimicrobials tested by disk diffusion, of which 23 (40·4%) showed multi-resistance (resistance to ⩾3 classes of antimicrobials). Of the resistant strains (n = 57), the most significant were to nalidixic acid (89·5%), tetracycline (80·7%), ciprofloxacin (64·9%), sulfamethazole (42·1%), trimethoprim (29·8%) and ampicillin (26·3%). All S. Kentucky strains were resistant to more than two antimicrobials and shared common resistance to nalidixic acid or ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, often in combinations with other antimicrobials. PFGE analysis using XbaI of S. Kentucky demonstrated one dominant clone in the country. In conclusion, poultry produced in Ghana has a high prevalence of multi-resistant Salmonella and the common finding of clonal S. Kentucky in the Kumasi area warrants further investigations into the epidemiology of this serovar. There is an urgent need for surveillance and control programmes on Salmonella and use of antimicrobials in the Ghanaian poultry industry to protect the health of consumers.

Molecular Characterization of Virulence Genes Associated with Salmonella spp. Isolated From Poultry

“…(Mahmoud, 2016) showed that 43 samples among the examined 348 chicken samples (12.4%) collected from Dakahlia and Damietta Governorates, Egypt were positive for Salmonella. (Andoh et al, 2016) who successfully isolated Salmonella from 94/200 (47%) of the examined samples. In addition, (El-Sharkawy et al, 2017) revealed that Salmonella was recovered from 41% of the examined samples collected from broilers farms located in Kafr El-Sheikh.…”

Characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum from an outbreak in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh

“…[18] and Andoh et al . [19], whereas limited drug resistance in S . Gallinarum was observed by Dey et al .…”

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from cabbage and lettuce samples in Tamale metropolis of Ghana

“…In Ghana, there are fewer reports on antibiotic resistance of foodborne pathogens. The few studies available have also concentrated much on foodborne pathogens isolated from animals and humans (Mills-Robertson et al 2002;Awua-Boateng 2007;Nsoah, 2015;Donkor et al 2012;Adzitey 2015a;Adzitey et al 2015;Andoh et al 2016). However, vegetables in Ghana, including cabbages and lettuces are important sources of resistant foodborne pathogens and should not be ignored.…”