Prevalence and antimicrobial profile of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from abattoir effluents in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Gufe, Claudious; Ndlovu, Melissa Nothabo; Sibanda, Zwelabo; Makuvara, Zakio; Marumure, Jerikias

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01059

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Tis could be explained by existence of colonized/infected patients in the ICU environments of the hospital, or failure of routine cleaning and disinfection practices. Also, K. pneumoniae (28.6%) was the second reported GNB, and it is relatively similar to the fnding of a previous study conducted in Zimbabwe 20.3% [42]. But, it is higher than those of the studies carried out in Uganda 13% [35], Hiwot Fana 12.4% [41], Mizan-Tepi 14.8% [36], Namibia 3% [30], Northern Nigeria 2.4% [40], Mekelle 8% [27], and Gondar 4.08% [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates Recovered from Intensive Care Unit Environments at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Temesgen,

Kumalo,

Teklu

et al. 2023

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Background. Bacterial contamination of indoor hospitals, especially in intensive care units is a serious health hazard in the world with a high morbidity and mortality rates. Particularly, multidrug-resistant bacteria can cross-contaminate medical devices, inanimate surfaces, health care providers, and patients in the intensive care unit. This study was aimed to assess the bacterial profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from intensive care unit at WUNEMMCSH (Wachemo University Nigest Ellen Mohammed Memorial Compressive Specialized Hospital), Southern Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted on 180 intensive care unit environmental samples at WUNEMMCSH from August 1, 2022, to October 30, 2022. In this study, a total of 180 swab samples were collected from medical devices, inanimate surfaces, patients, and health care providers from the intensive care unit by using sterile cotton-tipped swabs moistened with normal saline. Then, bacterial isolates were identified using the standard culture method, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacterial isolates were performed by using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were entered into EpiData Version 4.6 cleanup and exported to SPSS V25 for analysis. Results. A total of 180 swab samples were processed from intensive care unit environments, and 143 (79.4%) were found to have been contaminated by at least one potential pathogenic bacterial isolate. A total of two hundred and thirty-eight bacteria were isolated. Of these, the predominant bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococci 72 (30.3%), S. aureus 61 (25.6%), E. coli 41 (17.2%), and K. pneumoniae 30 (12.6%). Seventy (49%) out of all swabbed samples were contaminated with mixed isolates. In the antimicrobial susceptibility tests, 19 (86%) Gram-positive bacteria and 25 (76%) Gram-negative bacterial isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, respectively. Vancomycin was sensitive to 83% of Gram-positive isolates. Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates from irrespective sources showed multidrug resistance in 56.4% and 76.2%, respectively. Conclusion. The inanimate hospital environments, medical device, health care providers, and patients in ICU rooms of WUNEMMCSH (Wachemo University Nigest Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital) were colonized with 143 (79.4%) of potential pathogenic bacterial isolate, which can cause nosocomial infections with high rates of morbidity and mortality among patients. The frequencies of multidrug-resistant 159 (66.8%) bacterial pathogens were alarmingly high. Therefore, to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and MDR, strict adherence to hospital infection prevention and control measures should be enforced. These measures include regularly performing hand hygiene, periodic disinfection, and sterilization of medical equipment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates Recovered from Intensive Care Unit Environments at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Temesgen,

Kumalo,

Teklu

et al. 2023

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…Changes in physical appearance in differential media and enzyme activities of the organisms were observed. Gram reaction and other biochemical tests namely: Indole, Citrate, Catalase and oxidase tests were also done for identification of the isolates using methods described by [8].…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Some World Health Organization Priority Organisms from an Abattoir at Kwata, Anambra State, Nigeria

Afunwa,

Onyebuchi,

Ayodele

et al. 2023

AiM

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The abattoir is one of the important sectors in the food industry, therefore the need for close monitoring of everything concerning it to minimize microbial contamination. The aim of the study is to identify bacteria listed as WHO priority organisms associated with meat from Kwata abattoir in Awka, Anambra state. The study was carried out over a three (3) months period from September to December 2022. Thirteen samples were collected from the floor, table, water, meat, knife and soil in the abattoir. The samples were cultured using streak and spread plate methods on MacConkey and Cetrimide agar. The isolates were identified with the following biochemical tests: catalase, oxidase, citrate and indole tests. Ampiclox levofloxacin, gentamicin, ofloxacin impenem ceftraixone, cefixime, cefuroxime and nitrofurantoin were used for sensitivity test following Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and biofilm formation was determined using the tube method. The 75 isolates obtained were identified as follows; 29.3% E. coli, 26.7% Klebsiella spp., 16% Proteus spp., and 28% Pseudomonas spp. The result of antibiotics sensitivity test interpreted using the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints showed that (98%) of the isolates were resistant to the antibiotics used. Test for biofilm formation with 52 isolates showed 31 strong, 12 moderate and 9 weak biofilm formers. The result of this study confirms the presence of bacteria contaminants within the WHO priority list in the abattoir, as such there is need for improved handling of animals. Slaughtering, cleaning and distribution of meat should be done using aseptic procedures.

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“…Wastewaters are considered hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and horizontal gene transfer among related and unrelated bacterial species (13). Abattoir effluents are potential carriers of resistant pathogenic bacteria and could be contributing to the global spread of these strains in the environments (14). As a consequence of the use of antibiotics in aquaculture, antibiotic resistance is induced in the surrounding bacteria in the column water, sediment, and fish-associated bacterial strains (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from abattoir and aquaculture environment in Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria.

Onuoha,

Okafor,

Eronmosele

et al. 2023

REJHS

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Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and antibiotics profile of Escherichia coli from abattoir and aquaculture.Methods: Abattoir and aquaculture effluents were randomly collected from various parts of Abakaliki in Ebonyi State. Bacterial detection was conducted using cultural and biochemical analysis. Susceptibility of the E. coli to antimicrobials was investigated using the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: The microbial load from abattoirs ranges from 0.26±0.11x107 to 4.08±0.11x107 cfu/ml and aquacultures 0.40±0.04x107 to 4.06±2.74x107 cfu/ml differ significantly (P<0.05). Out of the total 44 E. coli isolates from abattoir, drainage shows the highest E. coli isolates (40.9 %) and waste water least (22.7 %), while of the 18 E. coli isolates from aquaculture, 55.6 % were from concrete pond, while 44.4 % were from earthen pond. The E. coli isolates showed reasonable susceptibility to cefeprime (62.5 %), followed by imipenem (50. 0 %). However, all the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefixime, cefotaxime and tobramycin. E. coli MAR index range from 0.4 - 0.9.Conclusion: The high microbial load, antibiotic resistance and higher MAR index >2 is of public health concern and further demonstrates the need for adequate treatment and disposal of waste generated from abattoir and aquaculture.

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Prevalence and antimicrobial profile of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from abattoir effluents in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates Recovered from Intensive Care Unit Environments at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates Recovered from Intensive Care Unit Environments at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Some World Health Organization Priority Organisms from an Abattoir at Kwata, Anambra State, Nigeria

Prevalence and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from abattoir and aquaculture environment in Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria.

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