Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated from Women Attending a Gynaecological Clinic in Kumasi, Ghana

Abruquah, H. H.

doi:10.4314/just.v32i2.6

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A similar result was obtained in a study in Ghana where 21% prevalence was reported (Abruquah, 2012;Feglo and Narkwa, 2012). The high incidence rate (25.0%) recorded in the 23-25 age group in our study agrees with the 25.6% reported by Abruquah (2012) in Ghana among a similar age group. This may suggest a tentative silent Candida infection that may become wide spread among females.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A prevalence of 22% in both adolescent and adults has been reported in the USA (Reed, 1992). A similar result was obtained in a study in Ghana where 21% prevalence was reported (Abruquah, 2012;Feglo and Narkwa, 2012). The high incidence rate (25.0%) recorded in the 23-25 age group in our study agrees with the 25.6% reported by Abruquah (2012) in Ghana among a similar age group.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Incidence and Speciation of Candida Species among Non-gravid young Females in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria

Oyeyipo¹,

Onasoga²

2016

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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This study investigated the incidence and speciation of Candida species among non-gravid young females, using commercially available chromogenic Candida speciation media (CHROM agar) for the identification/speciation of medically important yeast and yeastlike organisms in a routine clinical mycology laboratory. High Vaginal Swabs (HVS) were randomly collected from consenting non-gravid-young females for the study. The participants also completed a structured questionnaire assessing demographic data, symptoms, and risk factors of candidiasis. A total of 120 females between the ages of 17 and 31 years were randomly recruited for the study. Standard microbiological techniques such as Gram's stain, wet mount and culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and CHROM agar were used to analyze the swabs. Candida species was isolated from 64 of the 120 females, representing 53.3%. The highest incidence rate of 25.0% was recorded in the 23-25 years age group, followed by 12.5% in the 26-28 years while the lowest incidence (1.7%) was observed in the 17-19 years age group. Candida albicans (35.0%) was the most common Candida species, followed by C. tropicalis (8.3%), C. glabrata (6.7%) and C. krusie (3.3%), whereas, non-Candida infection constituted 46.7% (Negative cultures). Vaginal discharge (85.5%) and itching (52.5%) recorded the high values, with respect to symptoms. The prevalent risk factors associated with vaginal candidiasis in this study were washing of vagina with soap (Vaginal douching) (72.5%) and unprotected casual sex (16.7%). Whitish vaginal discharge (78.3%) was most prevalent followed by creamish vagina discharge (56.7%). In addition to Candida albicans, non-albicans Candida spp were isolated from HVS specimens; therefore, public health education is vital. CHROM agar is a simple, rapid and inexpensive method with good sensitivity and specificity for identification and speciation of Candida species thus, allowing an early and appropriate antifungal therapy. The results of the study will eliminate the ambiguities concerning Candida identification in this country and will contribute to better management and proper treatment of patients. ©JASEM

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Incidence and Speciation of Candida Species among Non-gravid young Females in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria

Oyeyipo¹,

Onasoga²

2016

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…Epidemiological data on chronic and recurrent forms of vulvovaginal candidiasis that do cause significant morbidity and discomfort are nonexistent in RoC. However, a study in 2012 reported the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among Ghanaian women at 21% in a gynaecology clinic 70 and it is likely that a similar pattern of frequency would be seen in RoC. Considering the local healthcare facilities, it is unlikely that infected women have access to dedicated medical advice for such kinds of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Amona

Denning

Moukassa

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Background The Republic of Congo (RoC) is characterised by a high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, which largely drive the epidemiology of serious fungal infections. Objective We aimed to estimate the current burden of serious fungal infections in RoC. Material and Methods Using local, regional or global data and estimates of population and at‐risk population groups, deterministic modelling was employed to estimate national incidence or prevalence of the most serious fungal infections. Results Our study revealed that about 5.4% of the Congolese population (283 450) suffer from serious fungal infections yearly. The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients was estimated at 560, 830 and 120 cases per year. Oral and oesophageal candidiasis collectively affects 12 320 HIV‐infected patients. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, 67% post‐tuberculosis, probably has a prevalence of 3420. Fungal asthma (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation) probably has a prevalence of 3640 and 4800, although some overlap due to disease definition is likely. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and tinea capitis is 85 440 and 178 400 respectively. Mostly related to agricultural activity, fungal keratitis affects an estimated 700 Congolese yearly. Conclusion These data underline the urgent need for an intensified awareness towards Congolese physicians to fungal infections and for increased efforts to improve diagnosis and management of fungal infections in the RoC.

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“…Studies have documented the aetiology, pathogenesis, immunity and development of vaccines for Candida species that have been causing RVVC in women in different parts of the world (Sobel, 2002;Cassone, 2015). However, in Ghana there are paucity of studies on the aetiology of RVVC especially infections caused by Candida species (Apea-Kubi et al, 2005;Abuquah, 2012;Essel et al, 2014). Even in those studies the virulent factors associated with the Candida species were not reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

Pesewu

Feglo

Boateng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection among women of childbearing age, and few of these women experience recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). The study was aimed at determining the virulent factors, and antifungal susceptibility of the Candida species isolated from women with RVVC attending the Nkawie Government Hospital, Ashanti-Region, Ghana. Over a 6–month period (October 2016 to March 2017), a total of 288 women with RVVC were evaluated. Isolation of the yeast was performed after the inoculation of the vaginal specimens onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), and incubated for 24-48 hours at 37oC. The isolates were identified by standardized conventional methods. The enzymatic activities of esterase, phospholipase, haemolysis and biofilm production were evaluated for the identification of the yeast isolates. Susceptibility to antifungal agents was determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Azole resistant isolates were further tested for ERG11 gene which encodes the enzyme (cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14-α-demethylase) by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Vaginal swabs cultures of 200 women (64.4) from 288 samples yielded Candida species. Candida albicans was the commonest isolated specie (33.0%), followed by Candida glabrata (29.5 %), Candida tropicalis (23.0%), and Candida krusei (15.5%). Hemolysin production, phospholipase enzyme activity, and biofilms formation were found in 84.5%, 83%, 77.5%.of the isolates respectively. Most phospholipase producing Candida isolates also formed biofilms. All Candida spp isolated were susceptible to itraconazole while majority of them were resistant to voriconazole. ERG11 genes were detected in 11.1% of Azole resistant Candida species. There is a significant increase in the rate of antifungal resistance among the Candida isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole. There is need for continuous surveillance as well as antifungal susceptibility testing on the Candida spp to guide therapy. A larger epidemiological study is also advocated to determining the degree of spread of ERG11 genes.

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Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated from Women Attending a Gynaecological Clinic in Kumasi, Ghana

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Incidence and Speciation of Candida Species among Non-gravid young Females in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria

Incidence and Speciation of Candida Species among Non-gravid young Females in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates from Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Ghana - A Review of Laboratory Reports.

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