Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from ovine respiratory infection: A study from Karnataka, Southern India

Abstract

Background and Aim: Respiratory infection due to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida are responsible for huge economic losses in livestock sector globally and it is poorly understood in ovine population. The study aimed to investigate and characterize M. haemolytica and P. multocida from infected and healthy sheep to rule out the involvement of these bacteria in the disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 374 healthy and infected sheep samples were processed for isolation, direct detection by multiplex PCR (mPCR), and antibiotic susceptibility testing by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Results: Overall, 55 Pasteurella isolates (27 [7.2%] M. haemolytica and 28 [7.4%] P. multocida) were recovered and identified by bacteriological tests and species-specific PCR assays. Significant correlation between the detection of M. haemolytica (66.6%) with disease condition and P. multocida (19.1%) exclusively from infected sheep was recorded by mPCR. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of 55 isolates revealed higher multidrug resistance in M. haemolytica (25.9%) than P. multocida (7.1%) isolates. Descending resistance towards penicillin (63.6%), oxytetracycline (23.6%), streptomycin (14.5%), and gentamicin (12.7%) and absolute sensitivity towards chloramphenicol were observed in both the pathogens. The antibiotic resistance genes such as strA (32.7%) and sul2 (32.7%) associated with streptomycin and sulfonamide resistance, respectively, were detected in the isolates. Conclusion: The study revealed the significant involvement of M. haemolytica together with P. multocida in ovine respiratory infection and is probably responsible for frequent disease outbreaks even after vaccination against hemorrhagic septicemia in sheep population of Karnataka, southern province of India.

Isolation, Antibiogram and Molecular Detection of Mannheimia and Pasteurella Associated with Pneumonia in Sheep in Al-Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia

“…The current isolation rate is lower than those reported by Kaoud et al (2010), Marru et al (2013) and Alemneh and Tewodros (2016), who stated 14.1, 25 and 32.6%, respectively. However, a similar isolation rate is found reported by Sahay et al (2020), who reported 7.4% for M. haemolytica. These variations are likely to be caused by several factors including the variation of microbial carriage in the respiratory tract in different niches, different isolation techniques, misidentification and contamination by other swarming bacteria.…”

“…This variation in detection rates might be due to the ecology of the study areas, seasonal variation, and the presence of predisposing factors (Abera et al 2014). In the current study, M. haemolytica was found more prevalent than P. multocida, a finding most commonly found previously (Mohammed 1999;Marru et al 2013;Alemneh and Tewodros 2016;Sahay et al 2020). In contrast, Blanco-Viera et al (1995) found P. multocida more prevalent in sheep and cattle than M. haemolytica.…”

“…Similarly, Post et al (1991) reported that 90% of M. haemolytica isolates recovered from cattle with bovine respiratory disease complex were markedly susceptible to gentamycin. Also, a result similar to ours was reported for penicillin, gentamicin, and streptomycin, and contradictory to ours for oxytetracycline by Sahay et al (2020). In the current study, M. haemolytica was found resistant to amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, while it was found sensitive to it in a previous study (Sebbar et al 2019).…”

“…These samples (19+6=25) were all negative by isolation method, indicating that molecular detection is more sensitive and specific, and should always be preferred to isolation and biochemical identification method, which, in addition, requires strict sterile handling and takes much more time. Similarly, Sahay et al (2020) have reported a higher detection rate for M. haemolytica (66.6%) and P. multocida (19.1%) by direct RT-PCR compared to 7.2% and 7.4% isolation rate, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing has been used as the gold standard for precise molecular identification and phylogenetic relationship studies of P. multocida and other species (Davies et al 2003).…”

Isolation and Molecular Detection of Pasteurellosis from Pneumonic Sheep in Selected Areas of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: An Implication for Designing Effective Ovine Pasteurellosis Vaccine

“… 17 Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia hemolytica are the main causative agents of the disease responsible for 30% of deaths in feedlot cattle and acute outbreaks in sheep population with consequence of massive mortality all across the globe. 9 Several biotypes and serotypes of these bacterial species have been reported with varied distribution across different areas. 6 , 18 The aim of this study was to isolate Pasteurella, Mannheimia, and Bibersteinia involved in pneumonic pasteurellosis of sheep in selected areas of the northwest Amhara region, Ethiopia.…”