Prevalence and allergens of allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents in Gwangju

Kwon, Sung Eun; Lim, Dae Hyun; Kim, Jeong Hee; Son, Byong Kwan; Park, Yoon Sung; Jang, Hae Ji; Kim, Byung Hee; Kim, Geun Mo; Yoo, Yong Sang; Park, Ki Won

doi:10.4168/aard.2015.3.1.54

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the case of atopic dermatitis, the prevalence shown by questionnaire-based surveys appears rather high compared with those made by dermatological examinations [ 44 67 ]. Discrepancies were also observed between results from questionnaire only responses and those from a combination of questionnaires and objective measurements for asthma and allergic rhinitis (methacholine bronchial provocation test and inhalant allergen skin prick test) [ 17 82 83 84 93 94 95 ]. Along with recent advances in our understanding of disease pathophysiology, many allergic diseases are recognized as heterogeneous syndromes consisting of several phenotypes and endotypes [ 116 ].…”

Section: Discussion Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time trends of the prevalence of allergic diseases in Korea: A systematic literature review

Kang

Song

Cho

et al. 2018

Asia Pacific Allergy

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The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased dramatically in recent decades, and are now considered major chronic diseases at the global level. The increasing burden of allergic diseases has led to numerous worldwide and local researchers to investigate the time trends in its prevalence and identify its driving factors. Environmental changes such as urbanization and industrialization have been suggested to explain the increasing prevalence, but recent reports from Western countries suggest that this prevalence has reached a plateau or even possibly, started to decrease. However, such environmental changes are still occurring in many Asia-Pacific countries, including Korea, and it is speculated that the peak in allergy epidemics has yet to come. The present systematic literature review aimed to explore the time trends in the prevalence of allergic diseases in Korea and to identify the unmet needs for facilitating further studies.

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Section: Discussion Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time trends of the prevalence of allergic diseases in Korea: A systematic literature review

Kang

Song

Cho

et al. 2018

Asia Pacific Allergy

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“…However, as the validity of each question on rhinitis may differ per country, region, and age group, it is important to assess the validity of each question of the questionnaire in various subsets of the target population [ 7 ]. Although there are several good epidemiologic studies using the ISAAC questionnaires alone in Korean children [ 3 , 4 ], a few epidemiologic studies used the combination of questions on rhinitis symptoms and allergy testing for the identification of AR [ 5 ]. This study could adequately identify most of the AR patients, since the respiratory allergens included in this study were among those sensitized in the majority of the age groups in Korea [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The International Study of Asthma and Allergies of Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaires are a widely accepted standardized tool for comparing interregional differences in asthma and allergic disease prevalence [ 2 ]. The prevalence of AR has increased in Korea over the past 20 years [ 3 ], from 35% to 48% [ 4 , 5 ]. AR and NAR are often difficult to differentiate based on symptoms in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AR and NAR are often difficult to differentiate based on symptoms in children. However, a few epidemiologic studies performed with a combination of a questionnaire for symptoms of rhinitis and an objective measure for IgE in the definition of AR [ 4 , 5 ] suggested that the ISAAC questionnaire alone may overestimate the true prevalence of AR. The prevalence of NAR among children is expected to vary by age, country, regions, and other factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Accurate Are the ISAAC Questions for Diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis in Korean Children?

Kim

Lim

Samra

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Background: The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the accuracy of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questions for diagnosis of AR, in Korean children. Methods: Students that participated in an allergic disease prevalence survey in 2010–2017 were evaluated (n = 18,425) using questionnaires and a skin prick test (SPT). Age−stratified (5−7, 8−10, 11−13, 14−16 years) prevalence of four rhinitis questions, accuracy of the questions for AR, and proportion of comorbidities in the AR and non-AR (NAR) groups were evaluated. Results: The proportion of students responding to the questionnaire that ever had symptoms of AR since birth, that is, the prevalence of “symptom, ever” was 47.6%. Based on the questionnaire and SPT, overall prevalence of AR and NAR were 21% and 26.5%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of “symptom, ever” were 57.5%, 58.4%, and 58.1%, respectively, and those of “diagnosis, ever”, who had ever been diagnosed with AR, were 39.8%, 76.9%, and 63.4%, respectively. Questionnaire−based asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy were significantly associated with the AR group compared to the NAR group. Conclusions: Since the AR accuracy of the questionnaire is about 60%, it should be considered that the questionnaire based survey overestimates the true prevalence of AR in Korean children.

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“…In SPT, common environmental allergens as well as positive and negative controls (histamine and saline, respectively) are introduced into the skin by a needle, and any immediate reaction (wheal and erythema) were read after 15 to 20 minutes 216. Result of the SPT is considered positive when the wheal size of allergen (A) is larger than that of histamine (H) (A/H ratio ≥1), the grade higher than 3+, and ≥3 mm in average of the longest and the shortest diameters 161718. A specific IgE level of 0.35 kUA/L or greater on the Immuno-CAP system19 or more than class 3 by MAST was defined as a positive result 20…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities and Phenotypes of Rhinitis in Korean Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study

Lee

Yum

Sheen

et al. 2017

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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PurposeRhinitis is a nasal inflammatory disease in children and adolescents. However, little is known about the phenotypes and characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in Korean children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the symptoms and comorbidities of rhinitis, to compare AR to non-allergic rhinitis (NAR), and to reveal the phenotypes and features of AR in a Korean pediatric population.MethodsPatients under 18 years of age with rhinitis symptoms were recruited from January 2013 to January 2015 by pediatric allergists. We analyzed symptoms, phenotypes, comorbidities, and allergen sensitization in this cross-sectional, multicenter study.ResultsMedical records were collected from 11 hospitals. The AR group has 641 (68.3%) patients, with 63.2% of boys and 7.5 (±3.4) years of mean age. The NAR group has 136 (14.5%) patients, with 55.1% of boys and 5.5 (±2.9) years of mean age. Moderate-severe persistent AR affected 41.2% of AR patients. Nasal obstruction was more common in NAR patients (P<0.050), whereas AR patients sneezed more (P<0.050) and more commonly had conjunctivitis, asthma, and otitis media (P<0.050). Sinusitis was the most common comorbidity in both groups. Allergen sensitization was caused by house dust mites (HDMs) (90.2%), pollen (38.7%), and animal dander (24.8%) in AR patients. Pollen and animal dander sensitization significantly increased age-dependently (P<0.050), but 91.9% of AR patients were already sensitized to HDMs before 5 years old.ConclusionsOur study revealed that AR was more prevalent than NAR and that 41.2% of AR presented with moderate-severe disease in Korean pediatric populations. Sinusitis was the most common comorbidity, and sleep disturbance was associated with the severity of rhinitis. The majority of AR patients were sensitized to HDMs in preschool ages. Further studies, including nationwide and longitudinal data, will help understand the relationship between these diseases.

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Prevalence and allergens of allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents in Gwangju

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Time trends of the prevalence of allergic diseases in Korea: A systematic literature review

Time trends of the prevalence of allergic diseases in Korea: A systematic literature review

How Accurate Are the ISAAC Questions for Diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis in Korean Children?

Comorbidities and Phenotypes of Rhinitis in Korean Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study

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