Prevailing methods of controlling weevils among kolanut traders of South-West Nigeria

Abstract

The problem posed by insect pests of kola nut in storage is a major one. Thus, various control measures are employed by kola nut traders to combat the growing menace. A field survey was conducted to assess the prevailing methods of weevil control among kola nut traders in southwestern Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on personal characteristics of respondents, kola weevil control methods employed and the perceived effectiveness. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results showed that 95% of traders were female, 56.67% were above 50 years with the mean age at 53.25. Most of the respondents (82.5%) lack formal education while the remaining (17.5%) had primary school education. Of the respondents 80% were married with most (62.5%) trading exclusively with kola nut while others (37.5%) also added bitter kola. Most of the respondents (95%) identified Balanogastris kolae as the weevil attacking kola nuts storage while others identified Sophorhinus species also. Majority of the respondents (83%) adopted the use of Aluminium phosphide (purchased from hawkers in the market) in controlling weevils during kola storage. Some store kola nuts for as long as a year before selling it, thus re-application of chemical is done to keep the nuts weevil-free. Re-infestation after treatment is low and majority disposed weevil-infested kola nuts at a cheaper rate, causing economic loss. Though traders use recommended chemicals, there is the need to provide safer alternatives due to high level of illiteracy among kola traders which could cause wrong use of the chemicals. Government agencies should check sources of chemical supplies to kola nut traders and train them on proper usage.