Prevaccination Screening of Medical and Dental Students

Perrillo, Robert P.; Parker, Mary L.; Campbell, Carolyn; Sanders, Gary E.; Strang, Scott; Regenstein, Fredric

doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03340180035021

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, Perrillo et al pointed out that low-level anti-HBs reactors without anti-HBc were not reproducibly positive (19). Anti-HBc, even alone, is a sensitive marker of previous infections (19,25,26,30). In this study, therefore, we determined the prevalence of anti-HBc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Large‐Scale Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Families

Kashiwagi

Hayashi

Nomura

et al. 1985

Microbiology and Immunology

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To investigate HBV transmission in families on three islands in Okinawa, Japan, prevalence of HBV markers in two groups of inhabitants was determined. One group consisted of members of families in which there was at least one HBsAg carrier (carrier families); the other group consisted of members of families in which there were no HBsAg carriers (non-carrier families). A total of 3,261 serum samples were collected from subjects on Iriomote Island, Hateruma Island, and Yonaguni Island. These samples were tested for HBsAg by reversed passive hemagglutination (RPHA) and for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) by radioimmunoassay. Overall prevalences of HBsAg and anti-HBc were 8.2 and 65.8 per cent respectively. The prevalence of anti-HBC among members of carrier families (80.8%) was significantly higher than that among members of non-carrier families (61.6%) (P less than 0.001). The prevalence of anti-HBc among members of carrier families was higher in all age groups, and was particularly so in children. Within carrier families, the prevalence of anti-HBc was significantly higher in families in which there was at least one HBsAg carrier with HBeAg (94.5%) than in families with no HBeAg-positive carriers (76.1%). This difference was especially marked in young children. These data suggest that in families with HBsAg carrier(s), the risk of transmitting HBV to members, particularly to young children, is higher than in families without carriers, and that the risk is further increased in families with HBeAg-positive carrier(s).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Large‐Scale Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Families

Kashiwagi

Hayashi

Nomura

et al. 1985

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Positive anti-HBs values were taken as above 10 RU, as the range 2.1-10 RU may not reliably indicate a protective level of antibc~dy (7,10,13,16). 1"he results of the assay for HBsAg were considered positive if above 2.1 ratio units (RU).…”

Section: Te~tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of methods of pre-vaccination screening for markers of hepatitis B infection

Papaevangelou

Roumeliotou‐Karayannis

Tassopoulos

et al. 1985

Eur J Epidemiol

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The prevalence of serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus infection in various populations in Greece was examined to provide data for formulating cost-effective strategies for prevaccination screening. Markers were detected in 17.5% of 320 healthy persons, 73.3% of 273 multiply transfused patients and 61.0% of 146 haemodialysis patients. In multiply transfused patients, antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was significantly more common than antibody to core antigen (anti-HBc) (67.0%, 44.3%), while the opposite was true for haemodialysis patients (43.8%, 57.5%). These data suggest that it may be most cost-effective to screen only for anti-HBs in multiply transfused patients and only anti-HBc in haemodialysis patients. Vaccination without screening may be more cost-effective for healthy persons. Anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected with similar frequencies (14.7%, 15.9%), thus neither offers an advantage in screening healthy persons, although use of anti-HBc may facilitate detection of chronic carriers. These data indicate that the choice of marker for pre-vaccination screening should depend on the population under consideration.

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Protecting Tomorrow's Health Care Professionals Against Hepatitis B Virus Today

Murray

Goetz

1991

Arch Intern Med

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Prevaccination Screening of Medical and Dental Students

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Large‐Scale Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Families

Large‐Scale Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Families

Evaluation of methods of pre-vaccination screening for markers of hepatitis B infection

Protecting Tomorrow's Health Care Professionals Against Hepatitis B Virus Today

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