Pretreatments of human specimens

Namera, Akira; Yashiki, Mikio

doi:10.1007/3-540-27579-7_4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The procedure described in this section is a modification of that described by Namera et al (3), where ethylchloroformate is used for amphetamine derivatization in order to achieve high resolution of the various amphetamines. Blood or urine samples (0.5 mL),1 mL of K 2 CO 3 , 0.5 g of NaCl, 20 µL of ethylchloroformate, and 30 µL of the internal standard, are placed into a 10-mL vial and sealed rapidly with a silicon septum and a vial cap.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography

Álvarez

2004

Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography

Álvarez

2004

Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography

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“…The reaction of amines with alkyl chloroformates is rapid and can be accomplished easily within a few minutes at room temperature in aqueous alkaline media. The alkyl chloroformates have been used for analysis of amphetamines [35], but have not been applied to the analysis of aromatic amines, such as aniline. Here, we report a method for the determination of various aromatic amines including low-and high-molecular, and mono-and polycyclic aromatic amines, as their N-propoxycarbonyl (n-POC) derivatives by GC-nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of aromatic amines as N‐propoxycarbonyl derivatives by gas chromatography with nitrogen‐phosphorus selective detection

Kataoka

Miyake

Mitani

2007

J of Separation Science

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A selective and sensitive method for the analysis of aromatic amines by GC was developed. Aromatic amines were converted to their N-n-propoxycarbonyl derivatives and measured by GC with nitrogen-phosphorus selective detection (NPD) using an HP-5 fused-silica capillary column. The derivatives of the 20 aromatic amines provided excellent NPD responses, and were resolved both quantitatively and reproducibly within 15 min. The calibration curves for aromatic amines in the range 20-500 ng were linear and the detection limits at an S/N of 3 were ca. 19-139 pg injected. This method was applied successfully to combustion smoke and human urine samples, and analyzed without any interference from coexisting substances.

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“…Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquidliquid extraction (LLE) are common techniques used for this purpose. LLE is a classical and simple technique that uses solvents to selectively extract target compounds [3,4]. However, LLE has a number of drawbacks that limit its use, namely reduced selectivity, large solvent consumption and difficulty of automation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS Method for the Analysis of Thirteen Opioids, Cocaine and Cocaethylene in Whole Blood Based on a Modified Quechers Extraction

Alves

Agonia

Cravo³

et al. 2017

CPA

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Background: QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) is a methodology previously developed to extract pesticides from vegetables and fruits and has been fully applied for different analytical approaches. Objective: In the present study, a rapid and less laborious modified QuEChERS extraction method for the quantification of 13 opioids [codeine, morphine, heroin, 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM), desomorphine, ethylmorphine, methadone, 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP), 2-ethyl-5-methyl-3,3diphenyl-1-pyrroline (EMDP), papaverine, tramadol, O-desmetyltramadol (M1) and, tapentadol], cocaine and cocaethylene in whole blood was developed and validated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Method: The modification of QuEChERS method consisted in the pretreatment of the whole blood samples using ultrasonication, the use of ethyl acetate as extraction solvent and a previous step of sample alcalinization. The use of dispersive separation steps such as Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction (dSPE) or sorbents such as Primary Secondary Amine (PSA) was suppressed to minimize the errors and, to improve the velocity of the analysis. Results: The method proved to be selective and the regression analysis for the analytes was linear in the range of 31.2-2000 ng/mL with correlation coefficients > 0.98. The coefficients of variation did not exceed 15%. The lowest limit of detection and quantification for all the analytes were below the therapeutic range of the drugs. The recoveries of the analytes ranged from 52.4 to 95.0%. Conclusion: The developed method can provide a rapid, effective and "greener" process for the analysis of a wide range of opioids drugs in whole blood samples and can be applied to clinical and forensic antemortem and postmortem cases.

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Pretreatments of human specimens

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography

Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography

Analysis of aromatic amines as N‐propoxycarbonyl derivatives by gas chromatography with nitrogen‐phosphorus selective detection

GC-MS Method for the Analysis of Thirteen Opioids, Cocaine and Cocaethylene in Whole Blood Based on a Modified Quechers Extraction

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