Pretreatment of Extruded Corn Stover with Polyethylene Glycol to Enhance Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Optimization, Kinetics, and Mechanism of Action

Eckard, Anahita Dehkhoda; Muthukumarappan, Kasiviswanathan; Gibbons, William R.

doi:10.1007/s12155-011-9162-2

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In a typical procedure, pretreated biomass is incubated with nonionic surfactants (0.15 to 0.75 g/g glucan) [26,37,38] in a shaking incubator at temperatures of 50-60 °C for 1 h [44], or 15 min-4 h [1,26,36] prior to addition of cellulase. This procedure has resulted in a range of sugar yield improvements shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Hydrolysis and Fermentation Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study noted an 85% reduction in enzyme activity (Ctec 2 -15 FPU/g glucan) after 24 h hydrolysis of corn stover that contained ~20.2% lignin [36]. The author's hypothesized that the reason for the reduced enzyme activity was deformation and/or de-solubilization of cellulase caused by the high concentration of lignin in pretreated biomass.…”

Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Enzyme Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For enzymes to be efficiently recycled, it is important for them to remain free in solution or be washed off the biomass with sodium chloride solution to some extent [1]. The ability of amphiphiles to adhere to non-productive sites of the biomass and prevent irreversible enzyme adsorption has been clearly demonstrated before [27,33,36,48]. According to Errikson et al [27], the adsorption of cellobiohydrolase decreased by 60%-70% onto steam exploded lodgepole pine (SELP) using Tween 20.…”

Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Enzyme Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result of another study showed that, commercial enzyme (Ctec 2 ) was adsorbed on both pure cellulose and biomass, and after 24 h hydrolysis, 20.6% (1.71% out of 8.29% w/w) and 9.5% (0.79% out of 8.29% w/w) of enzymes were adsorbed to the Avicel and extruded corn stover (CS), respectively. After the addition of PEG the adsorption of enzyme was decreased by 14.0% for Avicel and by 20.2% for CS [36]. It is plausible that PEG 6000 does not retain affinity to Avicel to the same extent as biomass to be able to prevent enzyme non-productive adsorption.…”

Section: (Iii) (Ii) (I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, due to the significant need for improved enzyme activity, and the demonstrated effective action of protein and surfactant-based enzyme stabilizers, we review the different mechanisms of action of these additives on cellulase stabilization. Enhanced catalytic activity of cellulase with surfactants has been reported for a variety of substrates, including steam exploded spruce, lodgepole pine [27,[30][31][32], sigma cell 100 and steam exploded poplar [32], newspaper [33], Avicel and tissue paper [34], dilute sulfuric acid pretreated creeping wild ryegrass [29], Douglas fir exploded with SO 2 and ammonia freeze explosion (AFEX) pretreated corn stover, dilute acid pretreated corn stover [26,35], lime and ammonia recycled percolation (ARP) pretreated corn stover [26], extrusion pretreated corn stover and prairie cord grass [36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Role of Amphiphiles in Biomass to Ethanol Conversion

2013

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Abstract:One of the concerns for economical production of ethanol from biomass is the large volume and high cost of the cellulolytic enzymes used to convert biomass into fermentable sugars. The presence of acetyl groups in hemicellulose and lignin in plant cell walls reduces accessibility of biomass to the enzymes and makes conversion a slow process. In addition to low enzyme accessibility, a rapid deactivation of cellulases during biomass hydrolysis can be another factor contributing to the low sugar recovery. As of now, the economical reduction in lignin content of the biomass is considered a bottleneck, and raises issues for several reasons. The presence of lignin in biomass reduces the swelling of cellulose fibrils and accessibility of enzyme to carbohydrate polymers. It also causes an irreversible adsorption of the cellulolytic enzymes that prevents effective enzyme activity and recycling. Amphiphiles, such as surfactants and proteins have been found to improve enzyme activity by several mechanisms of action that are not yet fully understood. Reduction in irreversible adsorption of enzyme to non-specific sites, reduction in viscosity of liquid and surface tension and consequently reduced contact of enzyme with air-liquid interface, and modifications in biomass chemical structure are some of the benefits derived from surface active molecules. Application of some of these amphiphiles could potentially reduce the capital and operating costs of bioethanol production by reducing fermentation time and the amount of enzyme used for saccharification of biomass. In this review article, the benefit of applying amphiphiles at various stages of ethanol production (i.e., OPEN ACCESSAppl. Sci. 2013, 3 397 pretreatment, hydrolysis and hydrolysis-fermentation) is reviewed and the proposed mechanisms of actions are described.

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Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Hydrolysis and Fermentation Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Enzyme Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Amphiphiles On Enzyme Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Iii) (Ii) (I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Role of Amphiphiles in Biomass to Ethanol Conversion

2013

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Development of rapid bioconversion with integrated recycle technology for ethanol production from extractive ammonia pretreated corn stover

Jin

Liu

Sousa

et al. 2017

Biotech & Bioengineering

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High enzyme loading and low productivity are two major issues impeding low cost ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. This work applied rapid bioconversion with integrated recycle technology (RaBIT) and extractive ammonia (EA) pretreatment for conversion of corn stover (CS) to ethanol at high solids loading. Enzymes were recycled via recycling unhydrolyzed solids. Enzymatic hydrolysis with recycled enzymes and fermentation with recycled yeast cells were studied. Both enzymatic hydrolysis time and fermentation time were shortened to 24 h. Ethanol productivity was enhanced by two times and enzyme loading was reduced by 30%. Glucan and xylan conversions reached as high as 98% with an enzyme loading of as low as 8.4 mg protein per g glucan. The overall ethanol yield was 227 g ethanol/kg EA-CS (191 g ethanol/kg untreated CS). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1713-1720. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Reactors for High Solid Loading Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Zhang

Hou

Bao

2015

Bioreactor Engineering Research and Industrial Applications II

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The review summarized the types, the geometry, and the design principle of pretreatment reactors at high solid loading of lignocellulose material. Among the reactors used, the explosion reactors and the helical stirring reactors are to be considered as the practical form for high solids loading pretreatment operation; the comminution reactors and the extruder reactors are difficult to be used as an independent unit, but possible to be used in the combined form with other types of reactors. The principles of the pretreatment reactor design at high solid loading were discussed and several basic principles for the design were proposed. This review provided useful information for choosing the reactor types and designing the geometry of pretreatment operation at the high solids loading.

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Pretreatment of Extruded Corn Stover with Polyethylene Glycol to Enhance Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Optimization, Kinetics, and Mechanism of Action

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

A Review of the Role of Amphiphiles in Biomass to Ethanol Conversion

A Review of the Role of Amphiphiles in Biomass to Ethanol Conversion

Development of rapid bioconversion with integrated recycle technology for ethanol production from extractive ammonia pretreated corn stover

Reactors for High Solid Loading Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

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