Pretreatment of corn stover by soaking in aqueous ammonia at moderate temperatures

Kim, Tae Hyun; Lee, Y. Y.

doi:10.1007/s12010-007-9041-7

Cited by 110 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Relatively few studies have reported on application of SAA with lignocellulosic resources, such as corn stover, rice straw, and barley hull [18][19][20]. According to Kim and Lee [17], SAA treatment of corn stover at room temperature and a long treatment period (10-60 days) resulted in removal of 55-74% of the lignin; however, nearly 100% of the glucan and 85% of the xylan were retained.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kim and Lee [17], SAA treatment of corn stover at room temperature and a long treatment period (10-60 days) resulted in removal of 55-74% of the lignin; however, nearly 100% of the glucan and 85% of the xylan were retained. Kim and Lee [18] reported that optimum treatment conditions for SAA of corn stover at moderate temperature were 15% of NH 3 , 60°C, 1:6 of solid-to-liquid ratio, and 12 h treatment time. The treated corn stover retained 100% of glucan and 85% of xylan; however, 62% of lignin was removed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main purpose of SAA pretreatment is removal of lignin, which is the physical and chemical barrier that inhibits accessibility of enzyme to the cellulose substrate. In particular, pretreatment of lignocellulosic resources by soaking in aqueous ammonia has been performed by some research groups using corn stover [15][16][17][18], barley hull [19], and rice straw [20]. Most research on SAA has focused on pretreatment of corn stover [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia

Kang¹,

Jeong

Sunwoo³

et al. 2011

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass has gained attention for production of biofuels. In this study, pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ammonia was adopted for pretreatment of biomass for ethanol production. A central composite design of response surface methodology was used for optimization of the pretreatment condition of rapeseed straw, with respect to catalyst concentration, pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature. The most optimal condition for pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia was 19.8% of ammonia water, 14.2 h of pretreatment time, and a pretreatment temperature of 69.0 °C. Using these optimal factor values under experimental conditions, 60.7% of theoretical glucose was obtained, and this value was well within the range predicted by the model. SEM results showed that SAA pretreatment of rapeseed straw resulted in increased surface area and pore size, as well as enhanced enzymatic digestibility.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia

Kang¹,

Jeong

Sunwoo³

et al. 2011

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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“…# A669C) and a solid-to-liquid ratio (w/w) of 1:11. The pretreatment was performed in screw-capped Pyrex media bottles (250 ml) at 60°C (maintained by convection oven) without agitation for 12 h. These conditions were chosen based on the results obtained previously for SAA pretreatment of corn stover [15,16]. The pretreated corn stover was washed with deionized (DI) water using vacuum filter and fluted filter paper (Fisher Cat.…”

Section: Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconversion of corn stover derived pentose and hexose to ethanol using cascade simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (CSSF)

Kim

2011

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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A cascade type of fermentation, designated the cascade simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (CSSF), was studied to convert corn stover derived pentose and hexose to ethanol with reduced enzyme input. In detail, each step of CSSF utilizes two sequential SSF phases operating on pentose and hexose, i.e., pentose conversion using xylanase, endo-glucanase, and recombinant Escherichia coli (KO11) with minimal glucose conversion in the first phase SSF, and hexose conversion in the second phase SSF using cellulase, β-glucosidase, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (D(5)A). In this cascade scheme, multiple stages of 1st and 2nd phase SSF were performed in series; enzymes are recycled from the fermentation broth of the last stage for the use of the next stage. This bioconversion process yielded up to 60% of the theoretical maximum ethanol yield based on the total sugars in untreated corn stover, while enzyme loadings were reduced by 50% (v/v) and the final ethanol concentration reached 27 g/l.

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“…Many softwood pretreatment methods have been studied, including acid hydrolysis (Kumaar et al 2012;Normark et al 2014), wet oxidation (Rana et al 2012;Njoku et al 2012;), steam explosion (Brownell et al 1986;), SO2 pretreatment (Sassner et al 2005), oxygen delignification (Yang and Wyman 2008;Wu et al 2012), catalytic pretreatment (Hakola et al 2010), Organosolv (Pan et al 2007), aqueous ammonia soaking (Kim and Lee 2007;Ko et al 2009), sulfite pretreatment (Zhu et al 2009), green liquor pretreatment (Wu et al 2010), and alkali pretreatment (Salehian et al 2013). These pretreatment methods affect enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass differently and also introduce different degrees of complexity in process technology and chemical cost/recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Optimum Softwood Lignin Content for the Production of Bioethanol in a Repurposed Kraft Mill

Wu¹,

Chang²,

Phillips³

et al. 2014

BioResources

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Kraft pulping is one possible pretreatment for softwood to economically produce bioethanol. This work evaluates the techno-economic potential of using the kraft process for producing bioethanol from softwoods in a repurposed or co-located kraft mill. Pretreated loblolly pine was enzymatically hydrolyzed at low enzyme dosages of 5 and 10 FPU/g of substrate. Pretreated residue with 13% lignin content had the highest sugar recovery, 32.7% and 47.7% at 5 and 10 FPU/g, respectively. The pretreated residues were oxygen delignified and refined. In all cases, oxygen delignification improved sugar recovery, while refining was mostly effective for pulps with high lignin content. At 5 FPU/g, the sugar recovery for all kraft pulps was 51 to 53% with oxygen delignification and refining. Increasing the enzyme dosage to 10 FPU/g increased the sugar recovery for these pulps to greater than 60%. Economic analysis for the pulps with different initial lignin content showed that kraft pulps with an initial lignin content of 6.7% with oxygen delignification had an ethanol yield of 285 L/ODt wood and the lowest total production cost of $0.55/L. Pulps with initial lignin content of 18.6% had a total production cost of $0.64/L with an ethanol yield of 264 L/ODt wood. Keywords INTRODUCTIONLignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on earth. In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in using this biomass as feed stock for the production of bioethanol (Faaij 2006;Ragauskas et al. 2006;Jørgensen et al. 2007;Bozell 2008;Regalbuto 2009;Tilman et al. 2009). It is not practical to convert lignocellulosic biomass directly to ethanol; several unit operations must be employed. The modern biotechnical process of converting lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol includes pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. In the past few decades, many pretreatment strategies have been developed to make the lignocellulosic substrate more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis. Following pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis is a key operation for the bioconversion of carbohydrates in lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. It is an important factor because the cost of the enzymes has a great impact on the economic feasibility of bioethanol production on a commercial scale. The price and dosages of cellulolytic enzymes have been progressively reduced due to intensive research by enzyme producers such as Novozymes and Genencor (Zhang et al. 2006). Although substantial progress has been achieved to improve the PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE bioresources.com Wu et al. (2014). "Kraft pulping for bioethanol," BioResources 9(4), 6817-6830. 6818 enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, the rate of saccharification is slow and often incomplete, especially at low enzyme loadings. Lignocellulosic biomass, especially softwood, has natural resistance to biological degradation because of its morphological structure and chemical composition. Many softwood pretreatment methods have been studied, including ac...

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Pretreatment of corn stover by soaking in aqueous ammonia at moderate temperatures

Cited by 110 publications

References 12 publications

Pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia

Pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia

Bioconversion of corn stover derived pentose and hexose to ethanol using cascade simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (CSSF)

Techno-Economic Analysis of the Optimum Softwood Lignin Content for the Production of Bioethanol in a Repurposed Kraft Mill

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