Pretreatment and Bioconversion for Valorization of Residues of Non-Edible Oilseeds
Eulogio Castro,
Knut Olav Strætkvern,
Juan Miguel Romero-García
et al.
Abstract:Biodiesel production currently follows a first-generation model using edible oils as raw materials. Such a production model is unsustainable, considering that it is limited by the high cost of edible oils, competes with the food sector, and is linked to deforestation and other environmental threats. Changing the raw material base to non-edible oils provides an opportunity to increase the sustainability of the biodiesel industry and to avoid conflicts with food production. Processing non-edible oilseeds for ext… Show more
“…In a review article, Castro et al [14] provide an outlook on the pretreatment of nonedible oilseed residues to enhance their bioconversion. The study is pertinent considering that non-edible oils are a sustainable feedstock for biodiesel production [15], in contrast to the first-generation biodiesel from edible oilseeds, such as palm, sunflower, and rapeseed.…”
Bioconversion in biorefineries is a way to valorize residues from agriculture and food processing. Pretreatment is an important step in the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials, including crop residues. This Special Issue includes nine articles on several pretreatment and bioconversion approaches applied to different agricultural residues and food-processing by-products. The materials addressed in this collection cover straw from wheat, rye, and miscanthus, olive tree pruning residue, almond shells and husks, avocado waste, sweet sorghum bagasse, soybean meal, and residues of non-edible oilseeds.
“…In a review article, Castro et al [14] provide an outlook on the pretreatment of nonedible oilseed residues to enhance their bioconversion. The study is pertinent considering that non-edible oils are a sustainable feedstock for biodiesel production [15], in contrast to the first-generation biodiesel from edible oilseeds, such as palm, sunflower, and rapeseed.…”
Bioconversion in biorefineries is a way to valorize residues from agriculture and food processing. Pretreatment is an important step in the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials, including crop residues. This Special Issue includes nine articles on several pretreatment and bioconversion approaches applied to different agricultural residues and food-processing by-products. The materials addressed in this collection cover straw from wheat, rye, and miscanthus, olive tree pruning residue, almond shells and husks, avocado waste, sweet sorghum bagasse, soybean meal, and residues of non-edible oilseeds.
“…This process converts, mostly, fresh soy, sun flower, or rapeseed oil (considered though conflictual raw material [6]) to the final main product, alkyl esters. Improvements have been made in the last years regarding safety or environmental consideration [7]. Still, alkyl esters producing technologies can also sustain changes, in terms of raw material nonconflictual destination, reduced stage number of the process, which contributes further to minimizing several process costs, and even a better control of end-process waste waters.…”
Heterogeneous catalysts, basic, acidic or bifunctional, can catalyze transesterification reactions where the raw material has a significant content of FFA fatty acids, such as used cooking oils or other lipid-based residues, which do not have the purity required for homogeneous catalysis, in which case the purity of the triglycerides above 99.5% is the first condition for the initiation of the reaction, to avoid saponification. In this work, a green supported catalyst was developed, using bacterial cellulose as catalytic support and biodegradable superbase as a chemical compound, for transesterification reaction to obtain alkyl esters, yielding over 99% of its content at 70 °C temperature and 7.5% catalyst loading (1.5/20 w/w catalyst:oil). A Plackett-–Burman design was used for screening experiments to explore the main effect in terms of catalytic activity and performance of the triglyceride conversion reaction.
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