Pretest or not to pretest? A preliminary version of a tool for the virtual character standardization

Sterna, Radosław; Cybulski, Artur; Igras-Cybulska, Magdalena; Pilarczyk, Joanna; Kuniecki, Michał

doi:10.1109/vrw52623.2021.00030

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the authors only briefly illustrated the entire design space and the advantages of an XR testbed proposed in the present paper. Very recently, Sterna et al (2021) pointed to the lack of pretesting in the VR community (Sterna et al, 2021). They presented preliminary work on a web-based tool for pretesting virtual agents.…”

Section: Figure 3 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

eXtended Artificial Intelligence: New Prospects of Human-AI Interaction Research

Wienrich

Latoschik

2021

Front. Virtual Real.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) covers a broad spectrum of computational problems and use cases. Many of those implicate profound and sometimes intricate questions of how humans interact or should interact with AIs. Moreover, many users or future users do have abstract ideas of what AI is, significantly depending on the specific embodiment of AI applications. Human-centered-design approaches would suggest evaluating the impact of different embodiments on human perception of and interaction with AI. An approach that is difficult to realize due to the sheer complexity of application fields and embodiments in reality. However, here XR opens new possibilities to research human-AI interactions. The article’s contribution is twofold: First, it provides a theoretical treatment and model of human-AI interaction based on an XR-AI continuum as a framework for and a perspective of different approaches of XR-AI combinations. It motivates XR-AI combinations as a method to learn about the effects of prospective human-AI interfaces and shows why the combination of XR and AI fruitfully contributes to a valid and systematic investigation of human-AI interactions and interfaces. Second, the article provides two exemplary experiments investigating the aforementioned approach for two distinct AI-systems. The first experiment reveals an interesting gender effect in human-robot interaction, while the second experiment reveals an Eliza effect of a recommender system. Here the article introduces two paradigmatic implementations of the proposed XR testbed for human-AI interactions and interfaces and shows how a valid and systematic investigation can be conducted. In sum, the article opens new perspectives on how XR benefits human-centered AI design and development.

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Section: Figure 3 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

eXtended Artificial Intelligence: New Prospects of Human-AI Interaction Research

Wienrich

Latoschik

2021

Front. Virtual Real.

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Like a human: The social facilitation/inhibition effect in presence of a virtual observer depends on arousal

Sterna,

Szczugieł,

Pilarczyk

et al. 2024

Virtual Reality

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Better (social facilitation) or worse (social inhibition) performance in a task while being observed has repeatedly been demonstrated with real human observers, yet it has not been fully tested with virtual observers. We tested this effect in a virtual environment using a visual search task to verify if the mere presence of a virtual observer would boost participants’ performance in the easy variant of the task and hinder it in the difficult one. We used electrodermal (EDA) activity measurement to test whether physiological arousal would moderate this effect. The presence of a virtual character affected search performance, which was moderated by arousal, with lower arousal leading to better performance. These results confirm that the mere presence of virtual characters can evoke a social facilitation/inhibition effect similar to that of human beings; this could confirm Zajonc’s theory and serve as encouragement for further development of VR-based training & educational tools with virtual agents.

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How Behavioral, Photographic, and Interactional Realism Influence the Sense of Co-Presence in VR. An Investigation with Psychophysiological Measurement

Sterna,

Cybulski,

Igras-Cybulska

et al. 2023

International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction

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Pretest or not to pretest? A preliminary version of a tool for the virtual character standardization

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

eXtended Artificial Intelligence: New Prospects of Human-AI Interaction Research

eXtended Artificial Intelligence: New Prospects of Human-AI Interaction Research

Like a human: The social facilitation/inhibition effect in presence of a virtual observer depends on arousal

How Behavioral, Photographic, and Interactional Realism Influence the Sense of Co-Presence in VR. An Investigation with Psychophysiological Measurement

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