Preterm birth among pregnant persons with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection

Newton, Suzanne; Reeves, Emily; Olsen, Emily O’Malley; Woodworth, Kate R.; Farr, Sherry L.; Galang, Romeo R.; Reynolds, Megan R.; Harvey, Elizabeth; Shi, Jing; Nestoridi, Eirini; Barton, Jerusha; Ngo, Van; Lush, Mamie; Longcore, Nicole D.; Dzimira, Paula; Im, Lucille K.; Sokale, Ayomide; Siebman, Samantha; Lopez, Camille Delgado; Chen, Tiffany; Mobley, Evan; Khuwaja, Salma; Romitti, Paul A.; Fredette, Carolyn; Ellis, Esther M.; Silcox, Kristin; Hall, Aron J.; Azziz‐Baumgartner, Eduardo; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Tong, Van T.

doi:10.1038/s41372-022-01467-6

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(44 reference statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential effects of these infections on maternal and infant health will need to be studied considering the reported association between maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. 15,16 HIV infection has been associated with a significantly higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. 9 Early reports during the pandemic suggested a delayed antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals living with HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of adverse maternal outcomes, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. 15–18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of adverse maternal outcomes, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. [15][16][17][18] Reports on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women in SSA countries are scarce. A health facility-based study conducted between April 2020 and March 2021 on the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Ethiopian pregnant women found a seroprevalence of 5.4%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity and HIV Viral Load Among Mozambican Pregnant Women

González

Nhampossa

Figueroa-Romero

et al. 2022

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Introduction: Prevalence estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Africa are limited, particularly among pregnant women and in those living with HIV. This study assessed the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Mozambican HIV-infected pregnant women during the first year of the pandemic, before COVID-19 vaccines were deployed in the country. Setting: The study was conducted in Manhiça district, a semirural area in southern Mozambique. Methods: A prospective cohort study including pregnant women living with HIV was conducted from November 2019 to June 2021. Women were enrolled at the first antenatal care clinic visit and followed until postpartum. HIV viral load and IgM/IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were determined in blood samples at first antenatal care clinic visit and at delivery. Associations between SARS-CoV-2 serostatus and maternal characteristics at enrolment were analyzed. Results: A total of 397 women were enrolled. SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies were detected in 7.1% of women at enrolment and in 8.5% of women at delivery. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 45 women (11.3%; 95% confidence interval 8.4 to 14.9%) during the study period; the first seropositive sample was identified in September 2020. Having undetectable HIV viral load was associated with seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM [odds ratio 3.35 (1.10 to 11.29); P = 0.039]. Conclusion: Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in this cohort of Mozambican unvaccinated pregnant women was similar to reported global estimates of approximately 10% in pregnancy for 2021. The findings also suggest that pregnant women with high HIV viral load may have an impaired immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and might need to be carefully managed in case of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of adverse maternal outcomes, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. 15–18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity and HIV Viral Load Among Mozambican Pregnant Women

González

Nhampossa

Figueroa-Romero

et al. 2022

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…This was consistent with prior SET‐NET reports and a living systematic review and meta‐analysis findings describing higher rates of preterm birth among pregnant people with COVID‐19 compared to those without COVID‐19 or national estimates (Allotey et al, 2020 ). A previous analysis of SET‐NET data indicated that, among people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy, critical COVID‐19 illness was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth compared to those with mild‐to‐severe COVID‐19 illness (Newton, Reeves, Olsen, et al, n.d. ). Differences in characteristics between pregnant people with and without SARS‐COV‐2 infection may explain the higher preterm rates in this cohort.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and infant outcomes by trimester of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy–SET‐NET, 22 jurisdictions, January 25, 2020–December 31, 2020

Neelam

Reeves

Woodworth

et al. 2022

Birth Defects Research

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Objectives We describe clinical characteristics, pregnancy, and infant outcomes in pregnant people with laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by trimester of infection. Study Design We analyzed data from the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network and included people with infection in 2020, with known timing of infection and pregnancy outcome. Outcomes are described by trimester of infection. Pregnancy outcomes included live birth and pregnancy loss (<20 weeks and ≥20 weeks gestation). Infant outcomes included preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation), small for gestational age, birth defects, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were calculated for pregnancy and selected infant outcomes by trimester of infection, controlling for demographics. Results Of 35,200 people included in this analysis, 50.8% of pregnant people had infection in the third trimester, 30.8% in the second, and 18.3% in the first. Third trimester infection was associated with a higher frequency of preterm birth compared to first or second trimester infection combined (17.8% vs. 11.8%; aPR 1.44 95% CI: 1.35–1.54). Prevalence of birth defects was 553.4/10,000 live births, with no difference by trimester of infection. Conclusions There were no signals for increased birth defects among infants in this population relative to national baseline estimates, regardless of timing of infection. However, the prevalence of preterm birth in people with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in pregnancy in our analysis was higher relative to national baseline data (10.0–10.2%), particularly among people with third trimester infection. Consequences of COVID‐19 during pregnancy support recommended COVID‐19 prevention strategies, including vaccination.

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