Pretectum and superior colliculus in visually guided behavior and in flux and form discrimination in the cat.

Berlucchi, Giovanni; Sprague, James M.; Levy, Joshua M.; Diberardino, A. C.

doi:10.1037/h0032172

Cited by 132 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…That is, the effects of monocular occlusion in subjects with cortico-collicular ablations appear to be determined almost completely by the open eye's relation to the lesion of the posterior cortex . We know of no theory of the visual mechanisms which will give a good account of such results, but we think that they are generally consistent with concepts which stress the importance of the vertical relationships between the components of the systems (Berlucchi, Sprague, Levy, & DiBerardino, 1972;Smith, 1938).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Dynamics and bases of recoveries of functions after injuries to the cerebral cortex

Meyer

1977

Psychobiology

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A review of the principal results of a 20-year program, at Ohio State University, of quantitative studies of the problem of recovery from damage to the brain.This review considers the principal results of a program of quantitative studies of the problem of recovery from damage to the brain. The program was begun some 20 years ago as an effort to understand the curious results of a classical experiment of Lashley (1935). Lashley observed that if hooded rats are trained to choose the brighter of a pair of doors, they show no postoperative retention of the habit when retested after having been subjected to bilateral ablations of the posterior regions of the dorsolateral cortex. But he also observed that posterior preparations, if given further training on the task, relearn the black-white habit at a rate that is not very different from the rate at which the habit is initially acquired by normal subjects.Lashley's observations thus suggested that retention of the habit could be readily suppressed by an ablation that is virtually without effect upon a rat's capacities for learning or relearning of the habit. Hence, the first question was why, if it is true that the habit can be learned just as quickly by braindamaged subjects as by normal animals, performance of the habit should be cortically dependent provided that the cortex is present. That is, the animals had obviously not been reduced to a condition where they lacked some essential system for performance of the habit, and yet they behaved as though the operations had deprived them of all recognition of the fact that they had ever seen the problem before.The investigations described in this review were supported in part by National Institute of Mental Health Grants MH-02035 and MH-D6211. P. M. Meyer is a United States Public Health Service Research Scientist and Investigator (5-Ko-MH-12,747) of the National Institute of Mental Health . From the Laboratory of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, Ohio State University: To our former students, whose thoughts, skills, and labor have contributed so much to the conception, design, and execution of the studies in the program, we express our deep appreciation and our fondest regards. We also wish to thank Ms. Elaine Wells Carlson for her assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. And, finally, we wish to note that David G. Lavond, who subjected the draft to an unusually constructive critique, enabled us to see some implications in the findings that had theretofore completely escaped us.A second basic question was whether, in recovering from ablations of the posterior cortex, the subjects were relearning the habit with systems related to the still-intact anterior cortex. We found that there were two ways of looking at that possibility. One was to presume, as Pavlov (1927) had proposed, that recoveries of visual habits that are lost when the posterior cortex is destroyed is possible because the anterior cortex normally has visual as well as other kinds of functions. The other was to think that the anterior corte...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Dynamics and bases of recoveries of functions after injuries to the cerebral cortex

Meyer

1977

Psychobiology

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“…In the cat, the geniculocortical pathway through laminae C is responsible for this function (Jones, 1985). If the extrastriate areas (areas 19, 20, 21 and the LS) are removed in the cat, leaving the geniculate input to the striate cortex (areas 17 and 18) intact, then visual acuity survives, but overall pattern and form detection appears to be compromised (Sprague et al, 1970(Sprague et al, , 1977Berlucchi et al, 1972). Given the large number of visually related cortical areas, it would be unduly optimistic to explain the whole of vision in terms of the three parallel retinothalamocortical pathways (Jones, 1985).…”

Section: Functional Implications Comparing the Cat With The Monkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical projections of the parvocellular laminae C of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat: An anterograde wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase study

Kawano

1998

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The areal and laminar distributions of the projection from the parvocellular part of laminae C of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (Cparv) were studied in visual cortical areas of the cat with the anterograde tracing method by using wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. A particular objective of this study was to examine the central visual pathways of the W-cell system, the precise organization of which is still unknown. Because the Cparv in the cat is said to receive W-cell information exclusively from the retina and the superior colliculus, the results obtained would provide an anatomical substrate for the W-cell system organization in mammals. The results show that the cortical targets of the Cparv are areas 17, 18, 19, 20a, and 21a and the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) and ventral lateral suprasylvian(VLS) areas. In area 17, the projection fibers terminate in the superficial half of layer I; the lower two-thirds of layer III, extending to the superficial part of layer IV; and the deep part of layer IV, involving layer Va. These terminations form triple bands in area 17. The projection terminals in layer I are continuous, whereas those in layers III, IV, and Va distribute periodically, exhibiting a patchy appearance. In areas 18 and 19, the projection fibers terminate in the superficial half of layer I and in the full portions of layers III and IV, forming double bands. In these areas, the terminals in layer I are continuous, whereas those in layers III and IV distribute periodically, exhibiting a patchy appearance. In area 20a, area 21a, PMLS, and VLS, projection fibers terminate in the superficial part of layer I, in part of layer III, and in the full portion of layer IV, although they are far fewer in number than those seen in areas 17, 18, and 19. The present results demonstrate that the Cparv fibers terminate in a localized fashion in both the striate and the extrastriate cortical areas and that these W-cell projections are quite unique in their areal and laminar organization compared with the X- and Y-cell systems.

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“…In vertebrates, the pretectum is involved in modulating motor behavior in response to visual input (Lettvin et al, ; Sprague et al, ; Sprague, ; Scalia, ; Ingle, ; Finkenstädt et al, ; Fite, ; Gamlin, ). In general, it is considered to integrate visual sensory information and regulate visually guided behavior (Sprague et al, ; Berlucchi et al, ; Sprague, ). The superior colliculus and the pretectal nuclei have also been demonstrated to play a role in oculomotor control (Büttner‐Ennever and Horn, ; Gamlin, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The pretectal connectome in lamprey

Capantini

Twickel

Robertson

et al. 2016

J of Comparative Neurology

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In vertebrates, the pretectum and optic tectum (superior colliculus in mammals) are visuomotor areas that process sensory information and shape motor responses. Whereas the tectum has been investigated in great detail, the pretectum has received far less attention. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the connectivity and neuronal properties of lamprey pretectal cells. The pretectum can be subdivided roughly into three areas based on cellular location and projection pattern: superficial, central, and periventricular. Three different types of pretectal cells could be distinguished based on neuronal firing patterns. One type, the rapid spike-inactivation cells, preferentially lie within the periventricular zone; the other cell types are distributed more generally. In terms of afferentation, the pretectum receives electro- and mechanoreceptive inputs in addition to retinal input. Histological data reveal that a large number of pretectal cells in the superficial and central areas extend dendrites into the optic tract, suggesting a predominant retinal influence even outside of the normal retinal terminal areas. The pretectum receives inhibitory input from the basal ganglia, and input from the pallium (cortex in mammals) and torus semicircularis. In addition, the pretectum is reciprocally connected with the thalamus, tectum, octavolateral area, and habenula. The main pretectal output is to the reticulospinal nuclei, and thus the pretectum indirectly affects the control of movement. Efference copies of some of this output are relayed to the thalamus and tectum. Overall, its extensive circuitry-especially the reciprocal connectivity with other retinorecipient areas-underlines the importance of the pretectum for sensory integration and visuomotor functions. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:753-772, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Pretectum and superior colliculus in visually guided behavior and in flux and form discrimination in the cat.

Cited by 132 publications

References 42 publications

Dynamics and bases of recoveries of functions after injuries to the cerebral cortex

Dynamics and bases of recoveries of functions after injuries to the cerebral cortex

Cortical projections of the parvocellular laminae C of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat: An anterograde wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase study

The pretectal connectome in lamprey

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