Pretargeting for the Implantation of Stimulation Electrodes Into the Subthalamic Nucleus

Abstract

Our findings show that the indirect targeting of the STN using coordinates based on radiological landmarks is more accurate than the direct targeting using anatomic visualization of the target structure. Regardless of the imaging procedure, electrophysiological mapping is required for optimal electrode placement, although in 20% of cases, the target determined by MRI falls out of the radius explored by electrophysiology.

Advanced stages of PD: interventional therapies and related patient-centered care

“…As this also translates into heterogeneity of therapy outcomes in PD, e.g., in patients treated with DBS, recent studies aimed to stratify patients and therapy outcomes according to the underlying genetic trait. In this context, studies on monogenic forms of Parkin-or LRRK2-related forms of PD revealed positive outcomes for STN-DBS up to 8-year follow-up (Breit et al 2008;Schupbach et al 2007;Moro et al 2008). Moreover, a recent pilot study identified genetic markers in the PD-associated alpha-synuclein gene as a predictor for a positive therapy outcome in patients treated with STN-DBS (Weiss et al 2013;DGN 2014 in München, Germany, Abstract, http:// www.neurowoche2014.org/epaper-DGN2014/index.html#/ 148).…”