Presumed primary uveal melanoma with brain extension in a dog

Galán, Alba; Martín-Suárez, Eva; Molleda, J. M.; Raya, Ana I.; Gómez-Laguna, J.; Mulas, J. Martı́n de las

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00721.x

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…to the heart and lungs,(69) spine (27) and brain (71) have also been reported in the canine species. In a case where brain metastasis occurred in a 13-year-old Cocker Spaniel, the tumor had spread from the iris and ciliary body to the choroid, optic nerve, and meninges.…”

Section: Anterior Uveamentioning

confidence: 89%

Melanocytic Ophthalmic Neoplasms of the Domestic Veterinary Species: A Review

Wang

Kern

2015

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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Section: Anterior Uveamentioning

confidence: 89%

Melanocytic Ophthalmic Neoplasms of the Domestic Veterinary Species: A Review

Wang

Kern

2015

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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“…Although rare cases of spontaneous intraocular melanomas have been reported in different animal species, including dogs [351, 352], cats [353, 354], horses [355], and cattle [356], no spontaneous UMs were reported in mice, which would represent the most convenient species. Syngeneic transplantable and transgenic models of UM allow investigating the interaction between the host immune system and the tumor.…”

Section: Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of uveal melanoma

Amaro

Gangemi

Piaggio

et al. 2017

Cancer Metastasis Rev

187

193

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Uveal melanoma (UM), a rare cancer of the eye, is distinct from cutaneous melanoma by its etiology, the mutation frequency and profile, and its clinical behavior including resistance to targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockers. Primary disease is efficiently controlled by surgery or radiation therapy, but about half of UMs develop distant metastasis mostly to the liver. Survival of patients with metastasis is below 1 year and has not improved in decades. Recent years have brought a deep understanding of UM biology characterized by initiating mutations in the G proteins GNAQ and GNA11. Cytogenetic alterations, in particular monosomy of chromosome 3 and amplification of the long arm of chromosome 8, and mutation of the BRCA1-associated protein 1, BAP1, a tumor suppressor gene, or the splicing factor SF3B1 determine UM metastasis. Cytogenetic and molecular profiling allow for a very precise prognostication that is still not matched by efficacious adjuvant therapies. G protein signaling has been shown to activate the YAP/TAZ pathway independent of HIPPO, and conventional signaling via the mitogen-activated kinase pathway probably also contributes to UM development and progression. Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammation and macrophages play a pro-tumor role in UM and in its hepatic metastases. UM cells benefit from the immune privilege in the eye and may adopt several mechanisms involved in this privilege for tumor escape that act even after leaving the niche. Here, we review the current knowledge of the biology of UM and discuss recent approaches to UM treatment.

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“…67,[69][70][71]74,76,[79][80][81] They include malignant uveal melanomas as well as melanomas of the eyelid, bulbar conjunctiva, and iris. 67,[69][70][71]74,76,[79][80][81] They include malignant uveal melanomas as well as melanomas of the eyelid, bulbar conjunctiva, and iris.…”

Section: Intraocular Neoplasmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…69,74,76,81 Feline malignant melanomas have a higher rate of metastasis. 69,74,76,81 Feline malignant melanomas have a higher rate of metastasis.…”

Section: Intraocular Neoplasmsmentioning

confidence: 99%