Presumed Gadolinium Toxicity in Subjects With Normal Renal Function

Semelka, Richard C.; Commander, Clayton W.; Jay, Michael; Burke, Lauren M.; Ramalho, Miguel

doi:10.1097/rli.0000000000000318

Cited by 70 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Diagnoses include clinical symptoms after exposure to standard dose, or greater, of any GBCA and confirmation of gadolinium retention [53]. Our current impression is that the most reliable laboratory test to confirm gadolinium deposition may be 24-h urine test, which should be performed at least 30 days after GBCA administration.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium toxicity and treatment

Ramalho

Jay

et al. 2016

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oGadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) play an important role in the diagnostic evaluation of many patients. The safety of these agents has been once again questioned after gadolinium deposits were observed and measured in brain and bone of patients with normal renal function. This retention of gadolinium in the human body has been termed "gadolinium storage condition". The long-term and cumulative effects of retained gadolinium in the brain and elsewhere are not as yet understood. Recently, patients who report that they suffer from chronic symptoms secondary to gadolinium exposure and retention created gadolinium-toxicity on-line support groups. Their self-reported symptoms have recently been published. Bone and joint complaints, and skin changes were two of the most common complaints. This condition has been termed "gadolinium deposition disease". In this review we will address gadolinium toxicity disorders, from acute adverse reactions to GBCAs to gadolinium deposition disease, with special emphasis on the latter, as it is the most recently described and least known.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium toxicity and treatment

Ramalho

Jay

et al. 2016

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…A series of reports beginning in 2014 confirm long-term Gd retention in the central nervous system (CNS) and skin of patients receiving contrast-enhanced examinations (15–18). Moreover, in 2016, four cases of NSF were reported in patients with normal renal function who had received GBCAs (19). The implications of Gd retention in the CNS remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Manganese-based Alternative to Gadolinium: Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography, Excretion, Pharmacokinetics, and Metabolism

et al. 2018

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“…Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is characterized by a relatively high spatial resolution, relatively no tissue penetrating limits but also it has a low sensitivity, high cost and long imaging time. Furthermore, recent concerns about the deposition of clinically relevant Gd-based Contrast Agents (CAs), linear and macrocyclic one are reported by Robert McDonald on neuroradiology5 and other publications67. Moreover, the recent opinion of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) suggests the limiting the Gadolinium-based CAs use to clinical circumstances in which the additional information provided by the contrast is necessary.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hybrid Core-Shell (HyCoS) Nanoparticles produced by Complex Coacervation for Multimodal Applications

Vecchione

Grimaldi

Forte

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Multimodal imaging probes can provide diagnostic information combining different imaging modalities. Nanoparticles (NPs) can contain two or more imaging tracers that allow several diagnostic techniques to be used simultaneously. In this work, a complex coacervation process to produce core-shell completely biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles (HyCoS) for multimodal imaging applications is described. Innovations on the traditional coacervation process are found in the control of the reaction temperature, allowing a speeding up of the reaction itself, and the production of a double-crosslinked system to improve the stability of the nanostructures in the presence of a clinically relevant contrast agent for MRI (Gd-DTPA). Through the control of the crosslinking behavior, an increase up to 6 times of the relaxometric properties of the Gd-DTPA is achieved. Furthermore, HyCoS can be loaded with a high amount of dye such as ATTO 633 or conjugated with a model dye such as FITC for in vivo optical imaging. The results show stable core-shell polymeric nanoparticles that can be used both for MRI and for optical applications allowing detection free from harmful radiation. Additionally, preliminary results about the possibility to trigger the release of a drug through a pH effect are reported.

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Presumed Gadolinium Toxicity in Subjects With Normal Renal Function

Cited by 70 publications

References 34 publications

Gadolinium toxicity and treatment

Gadolinium toxicity and treatment

A Manganese-based Alternative to Gadolinium: Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography, Excretion, Pharmacokinetics, and Metabolism

Hybrid Core-Shell (HyCoS) Nanoparticles produced by Complex Coacervation for Multimodal Applications

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