Pressurized liquid extraction in the analysis of food and biological samples

Carabias‐Martínez, Rita; Rodríguez‐Gonzalo, Encarnación; Revilla-Ruiz, P.; Hernández-Méndez, J.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.06.072

Cited by 352 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…4). Indeed, not only the temperature but also the injection solvent can influence the degradation process, as discussed by Carabias-Martinez et al [40]. In our case, only aromatic isocyanate and dichloroaniline were observed in addition to the original compound peak, since methanol was completely evaporated prior to SPME.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 47%

Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Pesticide Residues in Cannabis Samples

Ilias¹,

Rudaz²,

Christen³

et al. 2006

Chimia

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A headspace solid-phase microextraction method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was evaluated for the extraction and analysis of selected pesticides, namely alachlor, β-hexachlorocyclohexane, bromopropylate, carbaryl, diazinon, linuron, polychlorobiphenyl 209, permethrine and simazine in cannabis samples. Using a 100 µm PDMS fibre, compounds were directly extracted in the headspace mode at 150°C for 5 min and desorption was performed in the GC injector in the splitless mode at 280°C for 3 min. Pesticide analysis was achieved and method repeatability, given as the coefficient of variation, ranged between 2.4% for bromopropylate and 12.6% for linuron. the limits of detection obtained using single ion monitoring (SIM) were between 0.014 and 0.83 mg/kg, depending on the pesticide.

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Section: Qualitative Analysismentioning

confidence: 47%

Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Pesticide Residues in Cannabis Samples

Ilias¹,

Rudaz²,

Christen³

et al. 2006

Chimia

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“…All steps were optimized in a previous work to obtain best recoveries and low matrix effect [12]. The hair samples were fortified by soaking that is considered a good alternative for drug users' hair in analytical purposes [43]. In the present study, the first experiments were focused on an optimization of extraction solvent using two different buffer/methanol 80/20 v/v mixtures one more acidic using acetate and the other with phosphate at pH 7.0.…”

Section: Experimental Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective solid phase extraction of JWH synthetic cannabinoids by using computationally designed peptides

Mascini

Montesano

Pérez

et al. 2017

Talanta

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A B S T R A C TThe objective of the present work is to demonstrate a rational way to prepare selective sorbents able to extract simultaneously several structural analogs. For this purpose the binding specificity of two hexapeptides computationally designed (VYWLVW and YYIGGF) versus four synthetic cannabinoids Naphthalen-1-yl-(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methanone (JWH 018), naphthalen-1-yl-(1-butylindol-3-yl)methanone (JWH 073), (R)-(1-((1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)(naphthalen-1-yl)methanone (AM 1220) and (R)-(+)-[2,3-Dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-napthalenylmethanone (WIN 55) was computationally studied and then experimentally tested by solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The two peptides were chosen using a semi combinatorial virtual technique by generating 4 cycles of peptide libraries (around 2.3×10 4 elements). To select the two peptides, the simulated binding scores between synthetic cannabinoids and peptides was used by maximizing the recognition properties of amino acid motif between the two JWH and the other synthetic cannabinoids. In particular, the peptide YYIGGF, having also affinity for AM 120, was selected as control because it was the only one without tryptophan residues within the best peptides obtained from simulation. Experimentally, the two hexapeptides were tested as SPE sorbent using nanomolar solutions of the four drugs. After optimization of best retentions the binding constants were calculated by loading synthetic cannabinoids solutions at different concentrations. The results indicated a strong interaction between hexapeptide VYWLVW and JWH 018 (15.58 ± 2.03×10 6 M -1 ), 3-fold and 40-fold larger compared to the analog JWH 073 and both AM 1220 and the WIN 55. Similar trend was observed for the hexapeptide YYIGGF but the binding constants were at least three times lower highlighting the key role of the tryptophan. To demonstrate the hexapeptides specific interaction with only synthetic cannabinoids, a cross-reactivity study was carried out using other drugs (cocaine, morphine, phencyclidine and methamphetamine) in the same SPE condition. Finally the practical utility of these peptide modified sorbent materials was further demonstrated by detecting the synthetic cannabinoids in real samples using hair matrix.

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“…Diversos autores têm utilizado as fibras de polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS) e PA para determinação de herbicidas em água [21][22][23] . Um estudo recente para a determinação de vários herbicidas (incluindo alaclor e atrazina), em amostras de água de rio por SPME e GC-MS, demonstrou que a fibra de PA (85 μm) apresenta melhor desempenho que a fibra de PDMS (100 μm) 11 . Komatsu e Vaz 24 otimizaram parâmetros para determinação de multiresíduo de pesticida em água de rio e avaliaram diferentes tipos de fibras (PDMS, carboxen/polidimetilsiloxano (CAR/PDMS), carbowax/divenilbenzeno (CW/DVB) e PA) e concluíram que a fibra com melhor desempenho para atrazina foi a de PA 85 μm.…”

Section: Tipo De Fibraunclassified

“…No rio Jundiá constatou-se a presença de alaclor com níveis de 0,72 μg L -1 e propanil em 0,05 μg L -1 na única amostra coletada. Em estudos realizados por Carabias-Martinez et al 11 , para determinação de herbicidas em água de rio usando a técnica de SPME, foi detectada a presença de alaclor nas amostras analisadas. Estes estudos também mostraram que não foi detectada a presença de atrazina.…”

Section: Amostras Ambientaisunclassified

“…A aplicação desta técnica de extração foi realizada com sucesso na extração de herbicidas em diferentes tipos de matrizes [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Desde a primeira citação por Arthur e Pawliszyn 17 , a SPME teve um rápido crescimento em seu uso devido à sua simplicidade e vasto campo de aplicação como alternativa aos métodos tradicionais 18 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Determinação de herbicidas usados no cultivo de arroz irrigado na região sul do estado de Santa Catarina através da SPME-GC-ECD

Costa¹,

Sant'ana²,

Suchara³

et al. 2008

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 21/12/06; aceito em 21/6/07; publicado na web em 19/12/07 DETERMINATION OF HERBICIDES USED IN IRRIGATED RICE CULTIVATION IN THE SOUTH OF SANTA CATARINA USING SPME-GC-ECD. Evaluation of the pollution by the herbicides alachlor, propanil and atrazine in water samples from four rivers in the cities of Turvo and Meleiro, south of Santa Catarina State, was made using the SPME-GC-ECD method. The proposed method was optimized and validated. The correlation coefficients were higher than 0.997 and linear ranges of the analytical curves were 0.1-4; 0.1-2.5 and 0.1-5 μg L -1 for atrazine, alachlor and propanil, respectively. The herbicides were quantified by GC-ECD and identified by GC-MS. Both of the selected rivers presented contamination by at least one of the studied herbicides.Keywords: herbicides; river water; SPME. INTRODUÇÃOA região sul catarinense é abastecida pela bacia hidrográfica do rio Araranguá, sendo seus principais afluentes os rios Manoel Alves, Amola-Faca e Itoupava. Estes rios têm uma vital importância para região sul de Santa Catarina, pois eles banham as áreas agriculturáveis localizadas as suas margens. Eles beneficiam os rizicultores de todo vale e contribuem também para outras culturas, pecuária, pesca, turismo, bem como o abastecimento de água potá-vel para os habitantes da região.Em Santa Catarina, o cultivo de arroz é realizado 100% no sistema pré-germinado, alcançando uma produtividade ao redor de 7.000 kg ha -1 , em uma área de 126 mil ha. O Estado ocupa o segundo lugar na produção de arroz irrigado, com cerca de 800 mil t anuais, sendo o sul do estado responsável por 42% do total da produção 1 .No entanto, existe a preocupação em relação ao uso indiscriminado dos pesticidas que após aplicação são absorvidos pelas argilas contidas no solo e permanecem expostos às inúmeras reações químicas, físicas e biológicas. Desta forma, sabe-se que a aplicação destes produtos é perceptível pelo odor característico que se constata em cidade como Turvo e Meleiro 1 . Geralmente, a população costuma atribuir os elevados níveis de turbidez dos rios, principalmente na época do preparo de canchas de arroz, à contaminação por pesticidas utilizados na lavoura de arroz.O uso generalizado e intensivo de pesticidas tem gerado diversos problemas relacionados à saúde pública e ao desequilíbrio ambiental, tais como intoxicações de agricultores, contaminações de alimentos, água e solos, resistência de espécies combatidas às substâncias empregadas e danos em espécies não visadas 2 . O desequilíbrio ecológi-co ocasionado acarreta problemas à própria agricultura, agravando o surgimento e proliferação de pragas e doenças e, conseqüentemente, aumento da necessidade de usar mais pesticidas 3 .O despejo de substâncias tóxicas utilizadas na agricultura é uma das fontes de contaminação das águas, pois cada vez mais utilizamse inseticidas, herbicidas, fungicidas e toda uma série de praguicidas.Mesmo que estas substâncias cheguem aos rios e lagos em pequenas quantidades, a bioacumulação fará com que sua ação seja prejudi...

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Pressurized liquid extraction in the analysis of food and biological samples

Cited by 352 publications

References 120 publications

Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Pesticide Residues in Cannabis Samples

Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Pesticide Residues in Cannabis Samples

Selective solid phase extraction of JWH synthetic cannabinoids by using computationally designed peptides

Determinação de herbicidas usados no cultivo de arroz irrigado na região sul do estado de Santa Catarina através da SPME-GC-ECD

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