Pressurized hot water extraction of polyphenols from plant material

Vergara‐Salinas, José Rodrigo; Cuevas‐Valenzuela, José

doi:10.1002/9781118733103.ch3

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…Under subcritical conditions, the intermolecular hydrogen bonds of water break down, and its dielectric constant decreases. At a temperature level of 250 • C, this constant is reduced to 27 [175], which is similar to the dielectric constant of ethanol (varepsilon = 24) and methanol (varepsilon = 33). The replacement of ethanol or methanol with water significantly reduces costs and makes this technique more environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Pressurized Liquid Extraction (Ple)mentioning

confidence: 80%

Selectivity of Current Extraction Techniques for Flavonoids from Plant Materials

et al. 2020

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Flavonoids have a broad spectrum of established positive effects on human and animal health. They find an application in medicine for disease therapy and chemoprevention, whence the interest in flavonoids increases. In addition, they are used in food and cosmetic industries as pigments and biopreservatives. Plants are an inexhaustible source of flavonoids. The most important step of plant raw material processing is extraction and isolation of target compounds. The quality of an extract and efficiency of a procedure are influenced by several factors: Plant material and pre-extracting sample preparation, type of solvent, extraction technique, physicochemical conditions, etc. The present overview discusses the common problems and key challenges of the extraction procedures and the different mechanisms for selective extraction of flavonoids from different plant sources. In summary, there is no universal extraction method and each optimized procedure is individual for the respective plants. For an extraction technique to be selective, it must combine an optimal solvent or mixture of solvents with an appropriate technique. Last but not least, its optimization is important for a variety of applications. Moreover, when the selected method needs to be standardized, it must achieve acceptable degree of repeatability and reproducibility.

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Section: Pressurized Liquid Extraction (Ple)mentioning

confidence: 80%

Selectivity of Current Extraction Techniques for Flavonoids from Plant Materials

et al. 2020

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“…The observed enhancement of recovery efficiency with increase in temperature can be attributed to the alteration of the properties of water at elevated temperatures. As the temperature of pressurized water increases its dielectric constant, viscosity and surface tension decreases, while its diffusivity increases [ 10 , 49 ]. Moreover, the thermal energy supplied can overcome cohesive (solute–solute) and adhesive (solute–matrix) interaction by decreasing the activation energy required for the desorption process [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the temperature of pressurized water increases its dielectric constant, viscosity and surface tension decreases, while its diffusivity increases [ 10 , 49 ]. Moreover, the thermal energy supplied can overcome cohesive (solute–solute) and adhesive (solute–matrix) interaction by decreasing the activation energy required for the desorption process [ 49 ]. Additionally, the high pressures involved in PHWE can facilitate extraction by forcing the fluid into areas of the sample matrix that would not normally be contacted by fluid under atmospheric pressure [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of temperature and methanol–water mixture on pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) of anti-HIV analogoues from Bidens pilosa

Gbashi

Njobeh

Steenkamp

et al. 2016

Chemistry Central Journal

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BackgroundPressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) technique has recently gain much attention for the extraction of biologically active compounds from plant tissues for analytical purposes, due to the limited use of organic solvents, its cost-effectiveness, ease-of-use and efficiency. An increase in temperature results in higher yields, however, issues with degradation of some metabolites (e.g. tartrate esters) when PHWE is conditioned at elevated temperatures has greatly limited its use. In this study, we considered possibilities of optimizing PHWE of some specific functional metabolites from Bidens pilosa using solvent compositions of 0, 20, 40 and 60 % methanol and a temperature profile of 50, 100 and 150 °C.ResultsThe extracts obtained were analyzed using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and the results showed that both temperature and solvent composition were critical for efficient recovery of target metabolites, i.e., dicaffeoylquinic acid (diCQA) and chicoric acid (CA), which are known to possess anti-HIV properties. It was also possible to extract different isomers (possibly cis-geometrical isomers) of these molecules. Significantly differential (p ≤ 0.05) recovery patterns corresponding to the extraction conditions were observed as recovery increased with increase in methanol composition as well as temperature. The major compounds recovered in descending order were 3,5-diCQA with relative peak intensity of 204.23 ± 3.16 extracted at 50 °C and 60 % methanol; chicoric acid (141.00 ± 3.55) at 50 °C and 60 % methanol; 4,5-diCQA (108.05 ± 4.76) at 150 °C and 0 % methanol; 3,4-diCQA (53.04 ± 13.49) at 150 °C and 0 % methanol; chicoric acid isomer (40.01 ± 1.14) at 150 °C and 20 % methanol; and cis-3,5-diCQA (12.07 ± 5.54) at 100 °C and 60 % methanol. Fitting the central composite design response surface model to our data generated models that fit the data well with R2 values ranging from 0.57 to 0.87. Accordingly, it was possible to observe on the response surface plots the effects of temperature and solvent composition on the recovery patterns of these metabolites as well as to establish the optimum extraction conditions. Furthermore, the pareto charts revealed that methanol composition had a stronger effect on extraction yield than temperature.ConclusionUsing methanol as a co-solvent resulted in significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) even at temperatures as low as 50 °C, thus undermining the limitation of thermal degradation at higher temperatures during PHWE.

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“…For polysaccharide extraction from brown algae different type of static [81] or dynamic [82][83][84][85] PLE equipment has been used. Commercial laboratory-scale equipment commonly used for PLE was developed by the Dionex Corporation in 1995 and it can only be operated in static (batch) mode while some in-house equipment can be used in dynamic mode (continuous flow) [86].…”

Section: Pressurized Liquid Extraction (Ple)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Technologies for the Extraction of Marine Brown Algal Polysaccharides

et al. 2020

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Over the years, brown algae bioactive polysaccharides laminarin, alginate and fucoidan have been isolated and used in functional foods, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. The extraction process of these polysaccharides includes several complex and time-consuming steps and the correct adjustment of extraction parameters (e.g., time, temperature, power, pressure, solvent and sample to solvent ratio) greatly influences the yield, physical, chemical and biochemical properties as well as their biological activities. This review includes the most recent conventional procedures for brown algae polysaccharides extraction along with advanced extraction techniques (microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction and enzymes assisted extraction) which can effectively improve extraction process. The influence of these extraction techniques and their individual parameters on yield, chemical structure and biological activities from the most current literature is discussed, along with their potential for commercial applications as bioactive compounds and drug delivery systems.(APS) is determined by algae species however it is also influenced by other factors causing inter-species variation, e.g., growth location and harvesting season [8]. Vast structural variation between the APS therefore presents a challenge in terms of pre-treatments application, extraction techniques and optimization, characterization of isolated fractions and determination of their biological properties.Chemical structure and yield of APS isolated from marine macroalgae by conventional extraction (CE) techniques can be affected by various experimental conditions (pH, time, temperature, pressure, particle size, solvent, sample to solvent ratio, agitation speed etc.). In addition, different advanced techniques such as microwave assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), enzyme-assisted extractions (EAE) are assessed and applied for APS extraction [9][10][11].In general, the chemical structure of polysaccharides determines its physical, chemical and biochemical properties as well as its biological activities [12]. Several studies have reported that their biological activity is strongly associated with their chemical structure [9]. Due to very complex mechanisms that are affected by many factors, the correlation between polysaccharide structure and biological activity is still not sufficiently clarified.In order to improve isolation of APS, pre-treatments are usually applied to the algal biomass prior to the extraction process with the two aims: (i) to prevent co-extraction of interfering bioactive compounds with similar solubility; and (ii) to disrupt cell walls and improve mass transfer of APS into extraction solvent. The first type of pre-treatments is therefore used to remove compounds which are highly bound to the APS such as proteins, phenols and lipids, as well as mannitol and chlorophyll [13]. For that purpose, the application of various pr...

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Pressurized hot water extraction of polyphenols from plant material

Cited by 14 publications

References 198 publications

Selectivity of Current Extraction Techniques for Flavonoids from Plant Materials

Selectivity of Current Extraction Techniques for Flavonoids from Plant Materials

The effect of temperature and methanol–water mixture on pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) of anti-HIV analogoues from Bidens pilosa

Advanced Technologies for the Extraction of Marine Brown Algal Polysaccharides

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