Pressurized hot water extraction and chemometric fingerprinting of flavonoids from Bidens pilosa by UPLC-tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

The need for greener extraction procedures that are quick and efficient has prompted the evolution of pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). Here, the extraction of flavonoids from Bidens pilosa was demonstrated using PHWE at 50°C, 100°C and 150°C. The extracts were analyzed on UPLC-qTOF-MS/ MS and 28 flavonoids of different classes were identified. Further analysis of the data using principal component analysis revealed differential distribution patterns of the identified molecules. In overall, the extraction yield increased proportionately with increasing temperature. It can thus be deduced that PHWE is an excellent extraction method of flavonoids from plant tissues. Again, this study reiterates B. pilosa as a rich source of flavonoids. Extracción con agua caliente presurizada y huella quimiométrica de flavonoides de Bidens pilosa mediante espectrometría de masas en tándem por UPLC RESUMEN La necesidad de procedimientos de extracción más ecológicos que sean rápidos y eficaces ha impulsado la evolución de la extracción con agua presurizada (PHWE). Se demostró la extracción de flavonoides de Bidens pilosa utilizando PHWE a 50, 100 y 150°C. Los extractos fueron analizados por UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS y se identificaron 28 flavonoides de diferentes clases. Un análisis posterior de los datos utilizando el Análisis de componentes principales reveló los patrones de distribución diferenciales de las moléculas identificadas. En general, el rendimiento de extracción incrementó proporcionalmente con el aumento de la temperatura. Por lo tanto, podría deducirse que PHWE se trata de un excelente método de extracción de flavonoides de tejidos vegetales. De nuevo, este estudio reitera que B. pilosa se trata de una fuente rica en flavonoides.

Molecular Spectroscopic (FTIR and UV-Vis) and Hyphenated Chromatographic (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) Analysis and In Vitro Bioactivities of the Momordica balsamina Leaf Extract

“…Quercetin has been reported as a crucial dietary flavonoid that is associated with plethora properties capable of suppressing certain ailments linked to chronic diseases [ 21 ]. According to Gbashi et al [ 46 ], this flavonoid aglycone has been suggested as a hepatoprotective agent. Quercetin rutinoside (molecule 7 ) with a precursor ion at m/z 609 [M-H] − was identified in this study.…”

“…Research has shown that kaempferol is of great significance in managing cancer-associated ailments [ 21 , 47 ] as well as inhibiting oxidative stress [ 46 ]. Molecule 10 was identified as kaempferol rutinoside, with a precursor ion at m/z 593.1496 [M-H] − [ 2 ].…”

“…Molecule 10 was identified as kaempferol rutinoside, with a precursor ion at m/z 593.1496 [M-H] − [ 2 ]. Molecule 9 was identified as kaempferol hexose [ 2 , 44 , 46 ], with a precursor ion at m/z 447 [M-H] − . Molecule 2 was identified as kaempferol, with a precursor ion at m/z 285 [M-H] − .…”

Subcritical Water Extraction and Its Prospects for Aflatoxins Extraction in Biological Materials

“…One or more solutes contained in a feed solution are transferred to another immiscible solvent, often by rigorously mixing the two immiscible phases, then allowing the two phases to separate [74,75]. The enriched solvent is called the extract [76]. Common solvents used for solvent extraction include methanol, acetonitrile, chloroform, ethyl acetate, isooctane, ethanol and dichloromethane [4,73,77].…”

“…Cosolvents are secondary solvents (usually organic solvents) that are added to subcritical water to enhance its solvation power [95,110]. The incorporation of methanol during SWE was observed to significantly (p < 0.05) increase yield of flavonoids and di-acylated cinnamic acids from Bidens pilosa [95,111]. Solvent modifiers such as salts and other reagents can alter important physicochemical properties of water such as polarity, surface tension, and hydrogen bonding strength, which results in an enhanced extractability [13,112].…”