Pressures in static and dynamic states from capsules implanted in the kidney

C, Ott; Navar, L. G.; Guyton, Arthur C.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.2.394

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…It is therefore difficult to reach any conclusion but that resting interstitial pressure must be less than distal intratubular pressure. This interpretation is consistent with recent estimates based upon subcapsular measurements of hydrostatic pressure that indicate a value for resting interstitial pressure of 6 mm Hg (8).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Definition of Proximal and Distal Tubular Compliance

Cortell¹,

Gennari²,

Davidman³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Micropuncture studies were carried out in the rat to evaluate the in situ distensibility characteristics of the proximal and distal tubules under a variety of experimental conditions. In the first phase, we determined the response of tubular diameter (D) Received for putblicationt 9 Janitar 107?3 anid ill revised formii. 17 April 1973. subsequent experiments in which furosemide was administered, we observed that the pressure-diameter relationships for both the proximal and distal tubule were indistinguishable from the compliance curves, a finding consistent with the interpretation that interstitial pressure was not appreciably changed from control. By contrast, when mannitol was administered, both proximal and distal tubular pressure-diameter relationships were significantly altered in a fashion consistent with a large increase in interstitial pressure. Neither with furosemide nor mannitol administration did it appear likely that significant changes in tubular compliance could account for the observed behavior of the tubule.Finally, we propose that a knowledge of tubular compliance will be useful in exploring the interrelationships between tubular and peritubular pressures, tubular anatomv, and transtubular ionic permeability. Recent studies linking changes in the geometry of lateral intercellular spaces of the tubule to changes in passive ioIn movement suggest that an investigation of suclh anatomical-ftunctional correlates should be productive.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Definition of Proximal and Distal Tubular Compliance

Cortell¹,

Gennari²,

Davidman³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Renal vein constriction results in increases in renal interstitial pressure. 62 The increase in RIHP is much greater in situations of volume expansion and is then accompanied by a net decrease in fractional sodium excretion 63 with a nearly doubling of the transit time through the loop of Henle. 64 Since obesity is characterized by plasma volume expansion, one could speculate that the combination of slightly elevated vena caval pressure and renal vein constriction may contribute to the tendency for sodium retention during the development of obesity.…”

Section: Ectopic Fat Storage In the Kidneymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic fat storage in heart, blood vessels and kidneys in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases

et al. 2004

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In humans and most animal models, the development of obesity leads not only to increased fat depots in classical adipose tissue locations but also to significant lipid deposits within and around other tissues and organs, a phenomenon known as ectopic fat storage. The purpose of this review is to explore the possible locations of ectopic fat in key target-organs of cardiovascular control (heart, blood vessels and kidneys) and to propose how ectopic fat storage can play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases associated with obesity. In animals fed a high-fat diet, cardiac fat depots within and around the heart impair both systolic and diastolic functions, and may in the long-term promote heart failure. Accumulation of fat around blood vessels (perivascular fat) may affect vascular function in a paracrine manner, as perivascular fat cells secrete vascular relaxing factors, proatherogenic cytokines and smooth muscle cell growth factors. Furthermore, high amounts of perivascular fat could mechanically contribute to the increased vascular stiffness seen in obesity. Finally, accumulation of fat in the renal sinus may limit the outflow of blood and lymph from the kidney, which would alter intrarenal physical forces and promote sodium reabsorption and arterial hypertension. Taken together, ectopic fat storage in key target-organs of cardiovascular control may impair their functions, contributing to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in obese subjects.

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“…Fat within the RS may have an effect on hypertension and cardiovascular risk through one of several mechanisms [10,11]. Compression of structures within the RS increases renal hydrostatic pressure and activates the renin-angiotensin--aldosterone system (RAAS) [10,21]. Activation of the RAAS promotes hypertension, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and other adverse physiological effects related to obesity [15,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compression of structures within the RS increases renal hydrostatic pressure and activates the renin-angiotensin--aldosterone system (RAAS) [10,21]. Activation of the RAAS promotes hypertension, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and other adverse physiological effects related to obesity [15,21]. Renal lipotoxicity and its role in the pathogenesis of renal disease are not fully understood, but it has been assumed that renal disease progression is promoted by the accumulation of fat in the kidneys [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%