Pressure ulcer prevention practices and associated factors among nurses in public hospitals of Harari regional state and Dire Dawa city administration, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction Pressure ulcer is one of the major challenges in hospitals; which endanger patient safety, prolonging hospital stay and contributed to disability and death. Data regarding to pressure ulcer prevention practice are very important to take action. However in Ethiopia, there are limited researches that have been conducted and there is clearly paucity of information on this regard. Hence, this study aimed to assess pressure ulcer prevention practice and associated factors among nurses in public hospitals of Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 422 nurses who were working in the public hospitals of Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected from the 1st February to the 1st March 2018 using pretested structured self-administered questionnaire and observational checklist. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression with crude and adjusted odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted accordingly. Pressure ulcer prevention was determined based on mean calculation; a result above the mean value was categorized as good pressure ulcer prevention practice, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant. Results In this study 51.9% (95% CI: 47.1%, 56.4%) of nurses were reported that they have good pressure ulcer prevention practice. On observation 45.2% of nurses were practicing proper pressure ulcer prevention activities. Pressure ulcer prevention practice were statistically associated with nurses with bachelor degree and above qualification level (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.83), availability of pressure-relieving devices (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.63), being satisfied with their job (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.52) and good knowledge (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.55). Conclusions In this study the self-reported practice and results from observation was substantially low. Continuing education and training should be considered for nurses to enhance their practice regarding pressure ulcer prevention practice.

Pressure injury prevention practice and associated factors among nurses at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…PI prevention practice in this study is lower than the study conducted in Gonder, 28 Diredawa, 5 Addis Ababa, 20 Nigeria, 8 Uganda 29 and Turkey. 30 This might be due to variations in level of education of participants, the hospital setting and patient load of the setting.…”

“…Open access change position and they spend prolonged time in bed. 5 The formation of PI is strongly influenced by risk factors such as peripheral vascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, smoking, long-term immobility, poor nutritional status, incontinence, altered feelings and ageing. Other contributing factors include a shortage of pressure-relieving devices, a lack of universal guidelines and the failure to prioritise PI.…”

“…According to studies conducted in Ethiopia 48.4%-67.3% of nurses had good practices to PI prevention. 5 PIs have numerous impacts on patent and the healthcare system. In the healthcare system, it can increase the risk of hospital-acquired infection, prolonging hospital stay, increase healthcare cost, and increase both morbidity and mortality.…”

“… 3 4 The risk of developing a PI was higher in patients with spinal cord injury, elderly patient and patients who were sedated for trauma or surgery, since this group of patients have less chance to change position and they spend prolonged time in bed. 5 …”

“…According to studies conducted in Ethiopia 48.4%–67.3% of nurses had good practices to PI prevention. 5 …”