Pressure Sensitive Paint System for Measurements in a Large Low Speed Wind Tunnel

Lee, Jong Kook; Kim, Sangho; Ko, Jihun; Chung, Injae; Fonov, Sergey; Forlines, Alan; Crafton, Jim

doi:10.2514/6.2010-4917

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The rms value for all the tests was below ±150 Pa. This is similar to the values reported by previous researchers such as Brown [1,15] and Lee et al [7]. The lowest rms value (±50Pa) was found during the 500 Pa test.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Of these researchers Bell [3] and Le Sant [7] managed extremely low errors (± 50 Pa). However, all of the applications of PSP to low-speed flow have been performed in large-scale wind tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have attempted to use pressuresensitive paints (PSP) at low speeds despite the inherent difficulties with such applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Of these researchers Bell [3] and Le Sant [7] managed extremely low errors (± 50 Pa).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of pressure-sensitive paint to low-speed flow around a U-bend of strong curvature

Quinn¹,

Gongora-Orozco²,

Kontis³

et al. 2013

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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Two in-house Pressure-Sensitive Paint (PSP) formulations have been developed and tested in the low-speed regime on the flow around a U-bend of strong curvature. The two PSP formulations use trisBathophenanthroline Ruthenium Perchlorate (Ru (II)) and Platinum tretakis (pentafluorophenyl) Porphyrin (PtTFPP) as their photoactive molecules, incorporated in identical sol-gel matrices. Ru (II) emits a broad peak centered at 610nm while PtTFPP emits a much narrower peak at 650nm. The paints were illuminated using two in-house constructed blue LED lights with peak emission of 468nm. These luminophores have been tested with gauge inlet pressures of 3000 and 1250 Pa respectively. A further sample was tested with a gauge pressure of 500 Pa. In-situ calibration was utilized to minimize the temperature dependency change between wind-on and wind-off images. Both paints captured the flow characteristics and gave predictable surface pressure maps despite the challenges inherent with using such low pressures. Keywords: PSP, low-speed, U-bend, internal flow INTRODUCTIONSeveral researchers have attempted to use pressuresensitive paints (PSP) at low speeds despite the inherent difficulties with such applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Of these researchers Bell [3] and Le Sant [7] managed extremely low errors (± 50 Pa). However, all of the applications of PSP to low-speed flow have been performed in large-scale wind tunnels. To this end it was decided to test the PSP formulations in use at the University of Manchester on a low-speed, internal flow.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Application of pressure-sensitive paint to low-speed flow around a U-bend of strong curvature

Quinn¹,

Gongora-Orozco²,

Kontis³

et al. 2013

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The measurement of such paints have often been performed using separate cameras with differing optical filters which, although successful, leads to the issue of image registration being required to process the data, as discussed by Le Sant and Mérienne [6]. Other measurement systems have used a single camera and a filter wheel to capture the two images separately [7,8], although this increases acquisition time. The use of colour cameras to perform such measurements has been reported [9,10], but without great detail in terms of camera selection and performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary pressure-sensitive paint measurements using miniaturised, colour, machine vision cameras

Quinn¹

2018

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Recent advances in machine vision technology and capability have led to machine vision cameras becoming applicable for scientific imaging. This study aims to demonstrate the applicability of machine vision colour cameras for the measurement of dual-component pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). The presence of a second luminophore component in the PSP mixture significantly reduces its inherent temperature sensitivity, increasing its applicability at low speeds. All of the devices tested are smaller than the cooled CCD cameras traditionally used and most are of significantly lower cost, thereby increasing the accessibility of such technology and techniques. Comparisons between three machine vision cameras, a three CCD camera, and a commercially available specialist PSP camera are made on a range of parameters and a detailed PSP calibration is conducted in a static calibration chamber. The findings demonstrate that colour machine vision cameras can be used for quantitative, dualcomponent, pressure measurements. These results give rise to the possibility of performing on-board dual-component PSP measurements in wind tunnels or on real flight/road vehicles.

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Luminescent Method for Pressure Measurement

Khalil

Crafton

Fonov

et al. 2013

Handbook of Measurement in Science and Engineering

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Pressure‐sensitive paint (PSP) is an image‐based technology that provides a convenient method for continuous and nonintrusive global mapping of pressure distributions on aerodynamic surfaces. Its development offers a feasible alternative to pressure measurements obtained from point‐to‐point instruments such as pressure taps or pressure transducers, which were often costly to utilize and intrusive to the flow being studied. The paints are composed of pressure‐sensitive dye, which is made of an oxygen‐sensitive luminescent dye, that is incorporated into an oxygen‐permeable polymer binder and dissolved in a volatile solvent to form a paint that can be easily applied to surfaces using a spray can or airbrush. The emitted intensity of the pressure‐sensitive paint is quenched by collisions with oxygen molecules; the intensity of the emitted light is inversely proportional to the pressure at the surface. The measurement is accomplished by applying the paint to the surface of interest and illuminating the surface with blue or UV light to excite the dye. The surface is imaged through a filter that isolates the excitation light from the pressure‐sensitive luminescence of the paint. Each pixel on the camera then acts as a nonintrusive pressure tap, and therefore, continuous distributions of the pressure on the painted surface are acquired. Standard pressure paints can be used for mean measurements with response times of about 1 Hz, and fast response systems can be used for high frequency measurements, with a bandwidth of over 100 kHz. The use of PSP is becoming more common in large transonic tunnels, with production systems in use in several facilities such as AEDC, ARA, DLR, ADD, JAXA, and AVIC. These measurements have been conducted using both binary and lifetime‐based systems. While PSP has proven effective in transonic tunnels, PSP measurements in large low‐speed tunnels have proven particularly challenging. A significant reason for this difficulty is that in low‐speed tunnels the dynamic pressures are small (∼1 kPa at 40 m/s), and therefore, the dynamic range of the signal to be detected in a low‐speed tunnel is often 1% or less. Recent advances in cameras, illumination sources, and paint technology have extended the operating range of PSP systems to as low as 40 m/s. This chapter will cover in detail the following: principles and theoretical treatment of pressure‐sensitive paints, pressure‐sensitive dyes, polymers, measurement methods, and practical implementations of PSP to a wide series of wind tunnel applications.

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Pressure Sensitive Paint System for Measurements in a Large Low Speed Wind Tunnel

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Application of pressure-sensitive paint to low-speed flow around a U-bend of strong curvature

Application of pressure-sensitive paint to low-speed flow around a U-bend of strong curvature

Binary pressure-sensitive paint measurements using miniaturised, colour, machine vision cameras

Luminescent Method for Pressure Measurement

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