Pressure retarded osmosis from hypersaline sources — A review

Bajraktari, Niada; Hélix-Nielsen, Claus; Madsen, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2017.02.017

Cited by 52 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Without spacers, deformation of the membrane caused by the spacer under high pressures could be minimized and more membranes could be packed into the modules. Also, with a self-supporting structure, higher pressures can be achieved by keeping the pressurized DS on the shell side rather than on the bore side of the fiber [52]. Since a spacer is not required in hollow fiber membranes with DS on the shell side, power density can be improved without the potential energy loss from the interface between membrane and spacer [53].…”

Section: Membrane Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they usually have smaller initial water flux compared to the flat sheet membranes (before deformation takes place), and they are likely to face pressure drop problems within each hollow fiber [6]. In addition, increasing pressure causes a reduction in the dimensions of fiber, leading to an increase in feed pressure loss on the bore side [52]. These are research gaps that researchers can look into so that there will be an enhancement in hollow fiber membranes and the performance of ODMPs.…”

Section: Membrane Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

et al. 2020

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Forward osmosis (FO) and pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) have gained attention recently as potential processes to solve water and energy scarcity problems with advantages over pressure-driven membrane processes. These processes can be designed to produce bioenergy and clean water at the same time (i.e., wastewater treatment with power generation). Despite having significant technological advancement, these bioenergy processes are yet to be implemented in full scale and commercialized due to its relatively low performance. Hence, massive and extensive research has been carried out to evaluate the variables in FO and PRO processes such as osmotic membrane, feed solutions, draw solutions, and operating conditions in order to maximize the outcomes, which include water flux and power density. However, these research findings have not been summarized and properly reviewed. The key parts of this review are to discuss the factors influencing the performance of FO and PRO with respective resulting effects and to determine the research gaps in their optimization with the aim of further improving these bioenergy processes and commercializing them in various industrial applications.

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Section: Membrane Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

et al. 2020

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“…The availability of two streams with a high salinity gradient across them is found naturally at river mouths [6], though it can appear in other environments, such as hypersaline systems, in which bodies of water with high salinity (e.g. the Dead Sea) are involved [7]. Another natural system gaining scientific attention more recently are geothermal wells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and analysis of an osmotic power plant in the Magdalena River using experimental field-data

Salamanca

Álvarez-Silva

Tadeo

2019

Energy

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The Magdalena River mouth in Colombia is studied as a candidate site for a renewable power plant via osmotic energy technology, using pressure retarded osmosis. This power generation plant would operate through the controlled mix of two flows with different salinities (river water and sea water in this case study). A preliminary design of a pressure retarded osmosis power plant is proposed here by means of experimental data acquisition on-site at the river mouth. The obtained net power production is shown to reach 6 MW, with adequate membrane power densities above 5 W/m 2. These promising results consider energetic losses involved in the process, which have been further analysed to propose improvement targets in pretreatment processes and membrane permeability.

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“…There is no commercial membrane that is engineered or optimized for the PRO process. However, reverse osmotic (RO) membranes have commonly used in previous PRO studies [13,14]. These membranes consist of a thin non-porous layer (active layer) of about 0.2 m thickness, and a thick porous permeable layer (support layer) of about 150 m thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Effects and Entropy Generation of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process

Abdelkader

Sharqawy

2019

Entropy

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Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is considered as one of the promising and new techniques to generate power. In this work, a numerical model was used to study the effect of the flow streams temperature on the performance of the PRO process and entropy generation. The variation of the feed solution and draw solution temperatures, pressure difference, concentration difference, and flow rates on the power density and entropy generation were discussed. The model results were validated with experimental measurements obtained from literature and showed a good agreement with the model predictions. It was found that the power density increases by about 130% when both feed solution and draw solution temperatures increase from 20 °C to 50 °C. The feed solution temperature has more impact on the power density than that of the draw solution. This is due to the direct effect of the feed solution temperature on the water permeability and diffusion coefficient. The effect of the feed solution temperature becomes significant at higher concentration differences. Whereas, at low concentrations, the power density slightly increases with the feed temperature. Furthermore, it is found that there is an optimum volumetric flow in the channels that maximizes the power density and minimizes the entropy generation when fixing other operating conditions.

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Pressure retarded osmosis from hypersaline sources — A review

Cited by 52 publications

References 137 publications

Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

Potential and analysis of an osmotic power plant in the Magdalena River using experimental field-data

Temperature Effects and Entropy Generation of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process

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