Pressure influence on potassium catalysed char steam gasification

Bruno, Giacomo; Carvani, Luigi; Passoni, G.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(86)90106-7

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…In this sense, it can be hypothesized that pressure could inhibit the migration of the K species into the char. According to Karimi and Gray, the formation of potassium intercalate-like structures in condensed aromatic layers of carbon seems to be the main explanation for the mobility of K. Under pressurized conditions, however, K could be present in the form of different compounds with lower mobility, as first suggested by Bruno et al Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX, Inspect F50, FEI Europe, Netherlands) was used to analyze the dispersion of the inorganics in the chars. The results from the SEM/EDX analyses, which are summarized in Table S-1 of the Supporting Information, seem to confirm the above-mentioned assumption, because they reveal that the contents of K in the biochars obtained by pressurized pyrolysis of OW + A and OW + RC mixtures were much lower than those measured for the biochars produced from the same starting materials at 0.1 MPa.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pressure and the Addition of a Rejected Material from Municipal Waste Composting on the Pyrolysis of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste

Manyà¹,

Alvira²,

Azuara³

et al. 2016

Energy Fuels

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This work examines the effect of the absolute pressure (0.1 or 1.0 MPa) and the addition of a high-ash rejected material from municipal solid waste (MSW) composting (RC) on the slow pyrolysis of two-phase olive mill waste (OW). The experiments were conducted in a batch pyrolysis system using an initial mass of 750 g of feedstock. Three types of initial materials were tested: the OW alone, a mixture of OW and pure additives (5 % wt. of K 2 CO 3 and 5% wt. of CaO) and a mixture of OW and RC (10 % wt.). For the OW without any additive, an increased pressure led to a market increase in the carbonization efficiency (i.e., fixed-carbon yield). At atmospheric pressure, the addition of either additives (CaO + K 2 CO 3 ) or RC led to important changes in the pyrolysis behavior, due to the catalytic role of the alkali and alkaline Earth metals (AAEMs). However, this catalytic effect, which is translated into an enhancement of the decomposition of both the hemicellulose and cellulose fractions, was not observed at 1.0 MPa.The potential stability of all the produced biochars appeared to be very high, given the results obtained from both proximate and ultimate analysis. This high stability was confirmed by 13 C and 1 H solid-state NMR, which showed that the carbon contained in the biochars was composed mainly or entirely of highly condensed aromatic structures. However, the highest values of stable C (Edinburgh stability tool) and R 50,x (recalcitrance index) were obtained for biochars produced from the OW+RC mixtures at any pressure . In summary, the addition of the rejected material from MSW composting appears to be a very cost-effective measure to obtain a potentially highstable biochar, even at atmospheric pressure.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%