Abstract:The main features of a comprehensive set of pressure measurements, obtained from a short, plain journal bearing, are presented. The pressure field in the lubricant film was measured in both the circumferential and axial directions over a Reynolds number range of 40–50,000. In cases where the film is noncavitating the pressure distributions are separated into viscous and inertial components. The inertial components are found to agree fairly well with an approximate short bearing theory. Axially averaged, total … Show more
“…Roberts and Hinton's (12) tests revealed that negative absolute pressures are more likely to occur at coupled superlaminar and high eccentricity operation or for very high values of Reynolds number, Re ≈ 11,800-44,600. However, operating with a high clearance, the bearing should entrain a lot of air, which should not permit negative absolute pressures to develop.…”
“…Roberts and Hinton's (12) tests revealed that negative absolute pressures are more likely to occur at coupled superlaminar and high eccentricity operation or for very high values of Reynolds number, Re ≈ 11,800-44,600. However, operating with a high clearance, the bearing should entrain a lot of air, which should not permit negative absolute pressures to develop.…”
“…The outlet boundary condition is set as free outflow, the flow is considered to be absolutely developed, the fixed wall boundary condition is selected as no slip wall. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43]…”
The axial force balancing capacity of a balance drum is a key factor affecting the life of multi-stage centrifugal pumps. At present, the traditional calculation formula of the balance force of a balance drum is mainly obtained by modifying the relationship between the last-stage impeller head and the total head through empirical coefficient, and the calculation result is less sensitive to the change of the balance drum clearance. However, many studies have shown that the increase of clearance is the main factor affecting the balance force of a balance drum. In addition, the cost of measuring the balance force of a balance drum is relatively high. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to derive the mathematical expression and to propose a simple method for measuring the balance force of a balance drum. According to the resistance equation of clearance fluid and the N-S equation under cylindrical coordinate system, the variation laws of the pressure difference along axial and radial directions in the two sides of the balance drum clearance were derived. And the mathematical formula of the balance force of a balance drum, the balance drum clearance leakage and the balance tube flow was established. The new derived formula calculation results were compared with the traditional formula calculation results and the numerical calculation results. The results show that: at nominal flow rate, the mean value of the pressure difference of a balance drum increases in a parabolic shape along the radial direction. When the clearance increases from 0.1 to 0.35 mm, the relative error of the balance force between the traditional formula calculation and the numerical calculation is 71.1%, 58.5%, 19.6%, 8.1%, −18.6% and −32.31%, while that between the new formula calculation and the numerical calculation is 3.08%, 6.21%, 4.82%, 1.17%, 3.42% and 6.58%, indicating that the new derived formula can accurately calculate the balance force of a balance drum. In addition, according to the new derived formula, the balance force of a balance drum can be measured directly by the flow rate of the balance tube, which provides a theoretical support for dynamic monitoring of the balance force of a balance drum in engineering.
“…It was concluded that although the fluid inertia has negligible effect on the load carrying capacity under laminar flow condition, it has a considerable effect on the stability of flow in journal bearings. Roberts and Hinton [5] found experimentally that the inertia effect is significant at low load condition. Gandjalikhan Nassab and Moayeri [6] studied the effect of inertia on hydrodynamic characteristics of long journal bearing using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques.…”
In this article, the effect of lubricant inertia on the thermohydrodynamic behaviour of journal bearings is studied. Many researchers have analysed the inertia effect on lubricant flow in bearings using different simplifying assumptions. The purpose of this study is to eliminate most of those assumptions, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to solve the exact governing equations. The bearing has a finite length and operates under incompressible laminar flow and steady conditions. Numerical solutions of the full three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with and without inertia terms, coupled with the energy equation in the lubricant flow and the heat conduction equations in the bearing and the shaft are obtained. Cavitation effects are also considered using an appropriate three-dimensional cavitation model. In order to study the effect fluid inertia under several different conditions, solutions are obtained for different values of the eccentricity and radial clearance and also for different values of the rotational speed of the shaft. To validate the computational results, comparison with the experimental data of other investigators is made, and reasonable agreement is obtained.
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