Pressure Dependence of Superconducting Properties, Pinning Mechanism, and Crystal Structure of the Fe_0.99Mn_0.01Se_0.5Te_0.5Superconductor

Abstract

We have investigated the pressure (P) effect on structural (up to 10 GPa), transport [R(T): up to 10 GPa], and magnetic [(M(T): up to 1 GPa)] properties and analyzed the flux pinning mechanism of the Fe0.99Mn0.01Se0.5Te0.5 superconductor. The maximum superconducting transition temperature (T c) of 22 K with the P coefficient of T c dT c/dP = +2.6 K/GPa up to 3 GPa (dT c/dP = −3.6 K/GPa, 3 ≤ P ≥ 9 GPa) was evidenced from R(T) measurements. The high-pressure diffraction and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal structural phase transformation from tetragonal to hexagonal at 5.9 GPa, and a remarkable change in the unit cell volume is observed at ∼3 GPa where the T c starts to decrease, which may be due to the reduction of charge carriers, as evidenced by a reduction in the density of states (DOS) close to the Fermi level. At higher pressures of 7.7 GPa ≤ P ≥ 10.2 GPa, a mixed phase (tetragonal + hexagonal phase) is observed, and the T c completely vanishes at 9 GPa. A significant enhancement in the critical current density (J C) is observed due to the increase of pinning centers induced by external pressure. The field dependence of the critical current density under pressure shows a crossover from the δl pinning mechanism (at 0 GPa) to the δT c pinning mechanism (at 1.2 GPa). The field dependence of the pinning force at ambient condition and under pressure reveals the dense point pinning mechanism of Fe0.99Mn0.01Se0.5Te0.5. Moreover, both upper critical field (H C2) and J C are enhanced significantly by the application of an external P and change over to a high P phase (hexagonal ∼5.9 GPa) faster than a Fe0.99Ni0.01Se0.5Te0.5 (7.7 GPa) superconductor.

The Depairing Current Density of a Fe(Se,Te) Crystal Evaluated in Presence of Demagnetizing Factors

“…≈ 16.5 kOe); therefore, obtaining k ≈ 40 and k demag ≈ 20 aligns with other Fe-chalcogenide superconductors [40][41][42][43]. For the calculation of λ L , Equation ( 5), both H c1 and H demag c1…”

“…[40], k can be calculated using the relation k = 𝐻 𝑐2 (0)/(2 1/2 𝐻 (0)), where 𝐻 (0) is the thermodynamic critical field. 𝐻 (0) is calculated using 𝐻 , 𝐻 , and 𝐻 values at a temperature of zero (i.e., 𝐻 (0) = (𝐻 (0) × 𝐻 (0)) / ≈ 8 kOe and 𝐻 (0) = 𝐻 (0) × 𝐻 (0) / ≈ 16.5 kOe); therefore, obtaining k ≈ 40 and k demag ≈ 20 aligns with other Fe-chalcogenide superconductors [40][41][42][43]. For the calculation of 𝜆 , Equation ( 5), both 𝐻 and 𝐻 , together with the k and k demag values, were used, and the results are reported in Figure 3.…”