Pressure Dependence of Dielectric Breakdown in Liquid Nitrogen

Shiraishi, M.; Fujii, Haruhisa; Yoshino, Katsumi; Inuishi, Yoshio

doi:10.1143/jjap.20.2057

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We found that the breakdown strength for anode-initiated breakdown in a 200 µm gap was reduced by half when the pressure was reduced from atmospheric pressure to 16 Torr [96]. Similar results were obtained for hydrocarbon liquids and for liquid gases [97,98]. A strong pressure dependence was also observed in non-polar liquids, for example, by Krasucki in hexchlorodiphenol, while Bonifaci disputed a strong pressure dependence, at least for liquid noble gases such as argon [54,99].…”

Section: Hydrostatic Pressurementioning

confidence: 54%

Streamers in water and other dielectric liquids

Kolb¹,

Joshi²,

Xiao³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

230

157

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Experimental results on the inception and propagation of streamers in water generated under the application of high electric fields are reviewed. Characteristic parameters, such as breakdown voltage, polarity of the applied voltage, propagation velocities and other phenomenological features, are compared with similar phenomena in other dielectric liquids and in gases. Consequently, parameters that are expected to influence the development of streamers in water are discussed with respect to the analogous well-established models and theories for the related mechanisms in gases. Most of the data support the notion that an initial low-density nucleation site or gas-filled bubble assists the initiation of a streamer. Details of this theory are laid out explaining the observed differences in the breakdown originating from the anode versus the cathode locations. The mechanisms can also be applied to streamer propagation, although some observations cannot be satisfactorily explained.

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Section: Hydrostatic Pressurementioning

confidence: 54%

Streamers in water and other dielectric liquids

Kolb¹,

Joshi²,

Xiao³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

230

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, the strength of the liquid breakdown field will also be increased. 28,29 From this point, LNG as an insulating medium has more practical significance.…”

Section: Experimental Results Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is to say, for the gas above the liquid level, the increase in pressure is beneficial to restrain the formation of bubbles. Therefore, the strength of the liquid breakdown field will also be increased. , From this point, LNG as an insulating medium has more practical significance.…”

Section: Experimental Results Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquefied Natural Gas for Superconducting Energy Pipelines: A Feasibility Study on Electrical Insulation

et al. 2021

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A superconducting energy pipeline is an integrated system for fuel delivery and power transmission. In the energy pipeline, direct current (DC) power is carried by superconducting tapes with almost no loss. Moreover, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used not only as one kind of clean energy but also as a cooling medium. However, the lack of data on the electrical insulation characteristics of LNG (especially the resistance to breakdown and flashover) restricts the development of a superconducting energy pipeline. Therefore, this paper focuses on solving a series of problems (such as gas tightness, overpressure, and high voltage) in LNG insulation testing, obtaining the electrical failure data of multicomponent LNG, and analyzing the behavior of electric breakdown and flashover in LNG. The test results show that LNG as a dielectric cooling medium has remarkable performance in withstand voltage to replace the liquid nitrogen/liquid tetrafluoromethane (LN2/LCF4) binary mixtures. The research could offer key technical support for the superconducting energy pipeline and also provide a reference for the study of electrical properties on other cryogenic fuels.

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“…Electrical breakdown strength in liquid nitrogen has been widely studied and data exist for a range of pressures and geometries [8,9]. The volume and area dependence of liquid nitrogen breakdown strength have also been explored [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable pressure and temperature liquid nitrogen cryostat for optical measurements with applied electric fields

Swaffield

Lewin

Chen

et al. 2004

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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A cryostat with a high-voltage bushing, optical observation ports, variable controlled temperature and pressure has been designed to further the study of liquid nitrogen as a dielectric medium. The novelty in this design lies in the simultaneous achievement of these functions in a single design with a sufficiently large vessel to accommodate realistic geometries for high temperature superconducting power cable termination prototypes. In addition, a commercial single-stage helium expander cryo-cooler is integrated into the apparatus to achieve steady state temperatures down to 63.5 K, without the need for sacrificial loss of liquid nitrogen to maintain vessel temperature. The cryostat inner vessel is certified for operating pressures up to 2 MPa. A custom-made filled-resin bushing provides an electrical feed-through rated to 76.2 kV ac. For optical measurements with a range of sample geometries four optical ports are incorporated into the vessel utilizing sapphire windows and indium seals to form the inner pressure vessel. A technique employing a copper-vapour laser light source and high-speed digital camera for stroboscopic image capture of density change streamers and bubble dynamics with synchronized collection of electrical discharge data has been developed. This design has been used to study pre-breakdown phenomena, bubble dynamics with applied electric fields and electrical breakdown. General construction, mode of operation and initial results are presented.

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Pressure Dependence of Dielectric Breakdown in Liquid Nitrogen

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Streamers in water and other dielectric liquids

Streamers in water and other dielectric liquids

Liquefied Natural Gas for Superconducting Energy Pipelines: A Feasibility Study on Electrical Insulation

Variable pressure and temperature liquid nitrogen cryostat for optical measurements with applied electric fields

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