Presidential Agenda Building and Policymaking: Examining Linkages Across Three Levels

Beyond Salience Transmission: Linking Agenda Networks Between Media and Voters

“…Kiousis et al (2015), for example, found that the strongest linkage between information subsidies and media coverage exists for stakeholder network associations (i.e., object-based networks). However, set under a different context, Kiousis and his colleagues’ (2016) study found that information subsidies were more powerful in shaping news media’s attribute networks than object networks. Given the contradictory results and the lack of comparison of different networks in a single agenda- setting inquiry, this study examines both object- and attribute-based networks from the media and the public.…”

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“…Many studies have been devoted to examining political public relations and its effectiveness through the lens of agenda setting and agenda building with a consensus that one of the major goals of political public relations efforts is to communicate and shape the salience of certain objects or certain aspects of an object in news coverage, public opinion, and policymaking (Kiousis et al, 2016;Kiousis & Strömbäck, 2014;McCombs et al, 2014). Agenda setting influences public opinion as an unintended outcome of news production, while agenda building is a deliberate attempt by public relations actors to transmit issue salience using information subsidies to audiences (Kiousis et al, 2015;Ragas & Kiousis, 2010).…”

“…The strategic and purposeful nature of agenda building highlights the role of public relations in the social process of salience formation around issues in the media and public agendas while providing an empirically viable structure with which the effectiveness of political public relations is best understood (Lan et al, 2020;Schweickart et al, 2016;Sweetser & Brown, 2008;Tedesco, 2011). Information subsidies as important manifestations of public relations' agendabuilding efforts are an ideal medium for measuring how messages are strategically constructed and how priorities are communicated to influence media content and, in turn, public opinion (Grimmer, 2010;Kiousis et al, 2016). To the extent that the agenda of source information subsidies aligns with that of the news media and/or public opinion, the agenda-building effects of public relations efforts occur.…”

“…There are three levels of agenda building identified in the literature. The first level deals with the transfer of salience from issues, objects, and stakeholders to media content (Kim et al, 2011;Kiousis et al, 2016), the second level addresses the attributes assigned to issues and objects (Golan & Wanta, 2001), and the third level is concerned with the network relationships of issues and attributes and how they intersect to influence public opinion (Guo, 2012;Guo et al, 2012).…”

The Agenda Formation of the Fantasy of Identity Politics in the Digital Media and its Effect towards Cohesiveness of 212 Alumni Brotherhood

“…The media do not always succeed in "telling people what to think"; but media will have more opportunities to "tell them what to think about" [11]. This theory has evolved by introducing the importance of attribute as a component of the agenda-setting process and agenda-development [12]. In the determination of the research of agenda's attribute, according to McCombs, there are two vital dimensions to explain an issue, namely the importance of the issues in media and affective dimension as the accentuated attribute which is described by the media in the positive, neutral, and negative forms [10].…”